VisReason: A Large-Scale Dataset for Visual Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has proven remarkably effective for eliciting complex reasoning in large language models (LLMs). Yet, its potential in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) remains largely untapped, hindered by the absence of large-scale datasets that capture the rich, spatially grounded reasoning intrinsic to visual understanding. Existing visual-CoT resources are typically small, domain-specific, or lack the human-like stepwise structure necessary for compositional visual reasoning. In this paper, we introduce VisReason, a large-scale dataset designed to advance visual Chain-of-Thought reasoning. VisReason comprises 489K annotated examples spanning four diverse domains, each featuring multi-round, human-like rationales that guide MLLMs through interpretable visual reasoning steps. Building upon this, we curate VisReason-Pro, a 165K subset produced with a stronger expert-level GPT annotator, enriched with detailed reasoning traces and 3D spatial grounding via depth-informed annotations. Fine-tuning the state-of-the-art Qwen2.5-VL model on VisReason and VisReason-Pro yields substantial improvements in step-by-step visual reasoning accuracy, interpretability, and cross-benchmark generalization. These results demonstrate that VisReason equips MLLMs with more systematic and generalizable reasoning capabilities. We envision VisReason as a cornerstone for cultivating human-like visual reasoning, paving the way toward the next generation of multimodal intelligence.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 42 of its 84 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Nov 2025.
Builds on
42 of 84 references.
Closest ancestors · 16
Same direction, newest first
- 2025CodePlot-CoT: Mathematical Visual Reasoning by Thinking with Code-Driven Images13 Oct
- 2025Explain Before You Answer: A Survey on Compositional Visual Reasoning24 Aug
- 2025Zebra-CoT: A Dataset for Interleaved Vision Language Reasoning22 Jul
- 2025Thinking with Images for Multimodal Reasoning: Foundations, Methods, and Future Frontiers30 Jun
- 2025VGR: Visual Grounded Reasoning13 Jun
- 2025Grounded Reinforcement Learning for Visual Reasoning29 May
- 2025Pixel Reasoner: Incentivizing Pixel-Space Reasoning with Curiosity-Driven Reinforcement Learning21 May
- 2025Adaptive Chain-of-Focus Reasoning via Dynamic Visual Search and Zooming for Efficient VLMs21 May
- 2025OThink-MR1: Stimulating multimodal generalized reasoning capabilities via dynamic reinforcement learning20 Mar
- 2025Grounded Chain-of-Thought for Multimodal Large Language Models17 Mar
- 2025R1-Onevision: Advancing Generalized Multimodal Reasoning through Cross-Modal Formalization13 Mar
- 2025R1-Zero's "Aha Moment" in Visual Reasoning on a 2B Non-SFT Model7 Mar
4 more
- 2025Visual-RFT: Visual Reinforcement Fine-Tuning3 Mar
- 2024Visual CoT: Advancing Multi-Modal Language Models with a Comprehensive Dataset and Benchmark for Chain-of-Thought Reasoning25 Mar
- 2024Chain-of-Spot: Interactive Reasoning Improves Large Vision-Language Models19 Mar
- 2024CogCoM: A Visual Language Model with Chain-of-Manipulations Reasoning6 Feb
Other references · 26
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
- 2024Qwen2.5 Technical Reportcited by 4,713
- 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,655
- 2024SAM 2: Segment Anything in Images and Videoscited by 2,784
- 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,689
- 2024LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfercited by 2,669
- 2023Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyondcited by 2,179
- 2025InternVL3: Exploring Advanced Training and Test-Time Recipes for Open-Source Multimodal Modelscited by 1,769
- 2023MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 1,624
- 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phonecited by 1,061
- 2023A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 898
14 more
- 2023VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understandingcited by 851
- 2022Automatic Chain of Thought Prompting in Large Language Modelscited by 684
- 2023MiniGPT-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learningcited by 617
- 2025R1-VL: Learning to Reason with Multimodal Large Language Models via Step-wise Group Relative Policy Optimizationcited by 296
- 2023LLaVAR: Enhanced Visual Instruction Tuning for Text-Rich Image Understandingcited by 272
- 2023Valley: Video Assistant with Large Language model Enhanced abilitYcited by 231
- 2024LLaVA-UHD: an LMM Perceiving Any Aspect Ratio and High-Resolution Imagescited by 193
- 2024VoCo-LLaMA: Towards Vision Compression with Large Language Modelscited by 78
- 2021Self-supervised Dialogue Learning for Spoken Conversational Question Answeringcited by 27
- 2020Contextualized Attention-based Knowledge Transfer for Spoken Conversational Question Answeringcited by 26
- 2024CoMA: Compositional Human Motion Generation with Multi-modal Agentscited by 18
- 2024DualFocus: Integrating Macro and Micro Perspectives in Multi-modal Large Language Modelscited by 14
- 2025Tokenization Constraints in LLMs: A Study of Symbolic and Arithmetic Reasoning Limitscited by 9
- 2024Learnable Fractal Flamescited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
5 papers.
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- 2026From Seeing to Thinking: Decoupling Perception and Reasoning Improves Post-Training of Vision-Language Modelscited by 5
- 2025Supervise Less, See More: Training-free Nuclear Instance Segmentation with Prototype-Guided Promptingcited by 2
- 2025Reflection Pretraining Enables Token-Level Self-Correction in Biological Sequence Modelscited by 0
- 2026GeoVista: Visually Grounded Active Perception for Vision-Language Understanding of Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagescited by 0
- 2026From Seeing to Thinking: Decoupling Perception and Reasoning Improves Post-Training of Vision-Language Models19 May 2026
- 2026GeoVista: Visually Grounded Active Perception for Vision-Language Understanding of Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images14 May 2026
- 2026GeoEyes: On-Demand Visual Focusing for Evidence-Grounded Understanding of Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery15 Feb 2026
- 2025Reflection Pretraining Enables Token-Level Self-Correction in Biological Sequence Models24 Dec 2025
- 2025Supervise Less, See More: Training-free Nuclear Instance Segmentation with Prototype-Guided Prompting25 Nov 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2026CoVA-SFT: A Large-Scale Dataset for Chain of Visual Abstractions
- 2025Diagnosing Visual Reasoning: Challenges, Insights, and a Path Forward
- 2025Chain-of-Visual-Thought: Teaching VLMs to See and Think Better with Continuous Visual Tokens
- 2025MM-CoT:A Benchmark for Probing Visual Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Multimodal Models
- 2026Can MLLMs Reason Beyond Language? VisReason: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Vision-Centric Reasoning
- 2026Attention-guided Fine-tuning of Multimodal Large Language Models Improves Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
- 2025Uni-cot: Towards Unified Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Across Text and Vision
- 2026MMFineReason: Closing the Multimodal Reasoning Gap via Open Data-Centric Methods