mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Safe Language Generation in the Limit

arXiv 2601.08648 ↗First posted 13 Jan 2026cs.CL cs.LGcited by 9

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recent results in learning a language in the limit have shown that, although language identification is impossible, language generation is tractable. As this foundational area expands, we need to consider the implications of language generation in real-world settings. This work offers the first theoretical treatment of safe language generation. Building on the computational paradigm of learning in the limit, we formalize the tasks of safe language identification and generation. We prove that under this model, safe language identification is impossible, and that safe language generation is at least as hard as (vanilla) language identification, which is also impossible. Last, we discuss several intractable and tractable cases.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Jan 2026.

Builds on

16 of 30 references.

References · 16

  1. 2021TruthfulQA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoodscited by 2,975
  2. 2023"Do Anything Now": Characterizing and Evaluating In-The-Wild Jailbreak Prompts on Large Language Modelscited by 489
  3. 2022ToxiGen: A Large-Scale Machine-Generated Dataset for Adversarial and Implicit Hate Speech Detectioncited by 422
  4. 2025Agentic Misalignment: How LLMs Could Be Insider Threatscited by 158
  5. 2025The State of Multilingual LLM Safety Research: From Measuring the Language Gap to Mitigating Itcited by 45
  6. 2024Language Generation in the Limitcited by 40
  7. 2024Generation through the lens of learning theorycited by 31
  8. 2025Security Concerns for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 29
  9. 2024Exploring Facets of Language Generation in the Limitcited by 28
  10. 2025The Scales of Justitia: A Comprehensive Survey on Safety Evaluation of LLMscited by 26
  11. 2025Density Measures for Language Generationcited by 21
  12. 2025Generation from Noisy Examplescited by 20
4 more
  1. 2025On Union-Closedness of Language Generationcited by 17
  2. 2025Language Generation in the Limit: Noise, Loss, and Feedbackcited by 16
  3. 2025Language Generation and Identification From Partial Enumeration: Tight Density Bounds and Topological Characterizationscited by 13
  4. 2025Language Generation with Infinite Contaminationcited by 10

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 9.

9 papers.

  1. 2026Mistake-Bounded Language Generationcited by 5
  2. 2026Characterizing the Effect of Noise in Language Generation in the Limitcited by 4
  3. 2026On Generation in Metric Spacescited by 4
  4. 2026Contrastive Identification and Generation in the Limitcited by 4
  5. 2026On the Price of Privacy for Language Identification and Generationcited by 3
  6. 2026Differentially Private Language Generation and Identification in the Limitcited by 3
  7. 2026On Language Generation in the Limit with Bounded Memorycited by 3
  8. 2026Flood and Harvest: The Provable Necessity of Trivia for Generating Valuable Mathematics via the Lens of Language Generation in the Limitcited by 2
  9. 2026Hallucination Rates in Language Generationcited by 0