Large Emotional World Model
On the map: World models → World models for language agents
Abstract (arXiv)
The world is governed by both physical laws and affective dynamics. Physical laws govern state transitions, while affective dynamics shape human actions, decisions, and interactions. A world model that learns only physical laws can approximate the physical world, but not the human world. In this paper, we introduce human emotion as a key state variable in world models, enabling them to capture both future state transitions and their emotional causes. We first construct Emotion-Why-How (EWH), the first world model dataset centered on emotional state transitions, containing 10,850 emotion-aware transition tuples. Each tuple encodes the pre-state, pre-emotion, action, post-emotion, and post-state, supporting reasoning about why actions occur and how emotions reshape future states. Based on EWH, we propose the Large Emotional World Model (LEWM), which factorizes future prediction into two coupled steps: first predicting the future emotional state from the current context, and then conditioning future world-state prediction on the predicted emotion. Experiments show that LEWM brings consistent gains across world-state prediction, emotion understanding, and general reasoning tasks. It achieves up to 45.72% accuracy improvement on EWH, 3.94% on WorldNet, 17.47% F1 improvement on MELD, and a 6.10% gain on specific MMLU categories. These results demonstrate that incorporating emotion into world models enables more realistic simulation of human-centered environments and expands the predictive understanding of intelligent agents.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for language agents, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 14 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Dec 2025.
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- 2019HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence?cited by 4,018
- 2018World Modelscited by 1,444
- 2023Mastering Diverse Domains through World Modelscited by 1,193
- 2018MELD: A Multimodal Multi-Party Dataset for Emotion Recognition in Conversationscited by 636
- 2023GAIA-1: A Generative World Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 618
- 2023NExT-GPT: Any-to-Any Multimodal LLMcited by 610
- 2022Transformers are Sample-Efficient World Modelscited by 317
- 2025Embodied AI Agents: Modeling the Worldcited by 57
- 2024EMO-LLaMA: Enhancing Facial Emotion Understanding with Instruction Tuningcited by 27
- 2025AffectGPT-R1: Leveraging Reinforcement Learning for Open-Vocabulary Multimodal Emotion Recognitioncited by 15
- 2024ECR-Chain: Advancing Generative Language Models to Better Emotion-Cause Reasoners through Reasoning Chainscited by 9
- 2024Enhancing Large Language Model with Decomposed Reasoning for Emotion Cause Pair Extractioncited by 7
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- 2026Mental World Modeling
- 2025Emergence of Hierarchical Emotion Organization in Large Language Models
- 2026How Emotion Shapes the Behavior of LLMs and Agents: A Mechanistic Study
- 2025Large language models show fragile cognitive reasoning about human emotions
- 2025Beyond Context to Cognitive Appraisal: Emotion Reasoning as a Theory of Mind Benchmark for Large Language Models
- 2025Correspondence of high-dimensional emotion structures elicited by video clips between humans and Multimodal LLMs
- 2026AffectVerse: Emotional World Models for Multimodal Affective Computing
- 2026EmoTrans: A Benchmark for Understanding, Reasoning, and Predicting Emotion Transitions in Multimodal LLMs