Nested Browser-Use Learning for Agentic Information Seeking
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents
Abstract (arXiv)
Information-seeking (IS) agents have achieved strong performance across a range of wide and deep search tasks, yet their tool use remains largely restricted to API-level snippet retrieval and URL-based page fetching, limiting access to the richer information available through real browsing. While full browser interaction could unlock deeper capabilities, its fine-grained control and verbose page content returns introduce substantial complexity for ReAct-style function-calling agents. To bridge this gap, we propose Nested Browser-Use Learning (NestBrowse), which introduces a minimal and complete browser-action framework that decouples interaction control from page exploration through a nested structure. This design simplifies agentic reasoning while enabling effective deep-web information acquisition. Empirical results on challenging deep IS benchmarks demonstrate that NestBrowse offers clear benefits in practice. Further in-depth analyses underscore its efficiency and flexibility.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 36 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Dec 2025.
Builds on
36 of 46 references.
Closest ancestors · 9
Same direction, newest first
- 2025ParallelMuse: Agentic Parallel Thinking for Deep Information Seeking28 Oct
- 2025Repurposing Synthetic Data for Fine-grained Search Agent Supervision28 Oct
- 2025BrowserAgent: Building Web Agents with Human-Inspired Web Browsing Actions12 Oct
- 2025WebSailor-V2: Bridging the Chasm to Proprietary Agents via Synthetic Data and Scalable Reinforcement Learning16 Sep
- 2025DeepDive: Advancing Deep Search Agents with Knowledge Graphs and Multi-Turn RL12 Sep
- 2025WebExplorer: Explore and Evolve for Training Long-Horizon Web Agents8 Sep
- 2025WideSearch: Benchmarking Agentic Broad Info-Seeking11 Aug
- 2025Beyond Ten Turns: Unlocking Long-Horizon Agentic Search with Large-Scale Asynchronous RL11 Aug
- 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Web9 Jun
Other references · 27
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,820
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
- 2020Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understandingcited by 7,963
- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,754
- 2024A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 1,423
- 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIscited by 1,332
- 2020Constructing A Multi-hop QA Dataset for Comprehensive Evaluation of Reasoning Stepscited by 1,282
- 2023AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agentscited by 1,267
- 2023HuggingGPT: Solving AI Tasks with ChatGPT and its Friends in Hugging Facecited by 1,190
- 2023GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistantscited by 1,128
- 2025BrowseComp: A Simple Yet Challenging Benchmark for Browsing Agentscited by 647
- 2025GLM-4.5: Agentic, Reasoning, and Coding (ARC) Foundation Modelscited by 467
15 more
- 2025WebThinker: Empowering Large Reasoning Models with Deep Research Capabilitycited by 335
- 2023Tool Learning with Foundation Modelscited by 302
- 2025Small Language Models are the Future of Agentic AIcited by 270
- 2023FireAct: Toward Language Agent Fine-tuningcited by 256
- 2024ToolACE: Winning the Points of LLM Function Callingcited by 216
- 2025UI-TARS-2 Technical Report: Advancing GUI Agent with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learningcited by 215
- 2025SimpleTIR: End-to-End Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Turn Tool-Integrated Reasoningcited by 146
- 2025BrowseComp-ZH: Benchmarking Web Browsing Ability of Large Language Models in Chinesecited by 145
- 2025ReSum: Unlocking Long-Horizon Search Intelligence via Context Summarizationcited by 141
- 2025Memp: Exploring Agent Procedural Memorycited by 103
- 2024LLM With Tools: A Surveycited by 61
- 2025Understanding Tool-Integrated Reasoningcited by 38
- 2025WebLeaper: Empowering Efficiency and Efficacy in WebAgent via Enabling Info-Rich Seekingcited by 18
- 2025FocusAgent: Simple Yet Effective Ways of Trimming the Large Context of Web Agentscited by 16
- 2025The Cognitive Bandwidth Bottleneck: Shifting Long-Horizon Agent from Planning with Actions to Planning with Schemascited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.
6 papers.
- 2026OS-Symphony: A Holistic Framework for Robust and Generalist Computer-Using Agentcited by 21
- 2026AgentCPM-Explore: Realizing Long-Horizon Deep Exploration for Edge-Scale Agentscited by 12
- 2026What Do Agents Learn from Trajectory-SFT: Semantics or Interfaces?cited by 6
- 2026ScholarGym: Benchmarking Large Language Model Capabilities in the Information-Gathering Stage of Deep Researchcited by 3
- 2026GUI Agents with Reinforcement Learning: Toward Digital Inhabitantscited by 3
- 2026ZipRL: Adaptive Multi-Turn Context Compression with Hindsight Response Replaycited by 3
- 2026ZipRL: Adaptive Multi-Turn Context Compression with Hindsight Response Replay27 May 2026
- 2026GUI Agents with Reinforcement Learning: Toward Digital Inhabitants30 Apr 2026
- 2026AgentCPM-Explore: Realizing Long-Horizon Deep Exploration for Edge-Scale Agents6 Feb 2026
- 2026What Do Agents Learn from Trajectory-SFT: Semantics or Interfaces?2 Feb 2026
- 2026ScholarGym: Benchmarking Large Language Model Capabilities in the Information-Gathering Stage of Deep Research29 Jan 2026
- 2026OS-Symphony: A Holistic Framework for Robust and Generalist Computer-Using Agent12 Jan 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025From Web Search towards Agentic Deep Research: Incentivizing Search with Reasoning Agents
- 2025InfoDeepSeek: Benchmarking Agentic Information Seeking for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
- 2025Go-Browse: Training Web Agents with Structured Exploration
- 2026WebSwarm: Recursive Multi-Agent Orchestration for Deep-and-Wide Web Search
- 2026InfoSeeker: A Scalable Hierarchical Parallel Agent Framework for Web Information Seeking
- 2025WebArxiv: A Reproducible Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal Web Agents on arXiv Tasks
- 2025BrowseMaster: Towards Scalable Web Browsing via Tool-Augmented Programmatic Agent Pair
- 2026WebChallenger: A Reliable and Efficient Generalist Web Agent