mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

EEG-Bench: A Benchmark for EEG Foundation Models in Clinical Applications

arXiv 2512.08959 ↗First posted 28 Nov 2025cs.LG cs.AIcited by 14

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce a unified benchmarking framework focused on evaluating EEG-based foundation models in clinical applications. The benchmark spans 11 well-defined diagnostic tasks across 14 publicly available EEG datasets, including epilepsy, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, OCD, and mild traumatic brain injury. It features minimal preprocessing, standardized evaluation protocols, and enables side-by-side comparisons of classical baselines and modern foundation models. Our results show that while foundation models achieve strong performance in certain settings, simpler models often remain competitive, particularly under clinical distribution shifts. To facilitate reproducibility and adoption, we release all prepared data and code in an accessible and extensible format.

Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 2 of its 23 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Nov 2025.

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2 of 23 references.

References · 2

  1. 2024Large Brain Model for Learning Generic Representations with Tremendous EEG Data in BCIcited by 327
  2. 2021BENDR: using transformers and a contrastive self-supervised learning task to learn from massive amounts of EEG datacited by 199

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Citing papers per year: 2026: 14.

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  1. 2026NeuralBench: A Unifying Framework to Benchmark NeuroAI Modelscited by 16
  2. 2026NeuroAtlas: Benchmarking Foundation Models for Clinical EEG and Brain-Computer Interfacescited by 7
  3. 2026A Negative-Control Protocol for Clinical EEG Foundation-Model Benchmarks: Dataset Identity and External-Cohort Stress Testingcited by 4
  4. 2026The Identity Trap in EEG Foundation Models: A Diagnostic Auditcited by 2
  5. 2026Cross-Cohort Spectral-Temporal Dissociation in Frozen EEG Foundation-Model Representationscited by 1
  6. 2026NS-Copilot: An LLM-Driven Agent System for Autonomous Neuroscience Analysiscited by 1
  7. 2026PRISM: Exploring Heterogeneous Pretrained EEG Foundation Model Transfer to Clinical Differential Diagnosiscited by 0
  8. 2026Test-Time Adaptation for EEG Foundation Models: A Systematic Study under Real-World Distribution Shiftscited by 0
  9. 2026BrainBench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Comprehensive EEG Understandingcited by 0
  10. 2026ReMAP: Self-supervised learning to unveil brain representations and vulnerabilitycited by 0
  11. 2026EEGAgentBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Short- and Long-Horizon EEG Analysiscited by 0
  12. 2026PhysioTRACE: Provenance-Aware Stress Tests for Physiological Foundation Modelscited by 0
2 more
  1. 2026NeurDuo-EEG: A Long-Sequence EEG Foundation Model with Persistent State and Explicit Memorycited by 0
  2. 2026Lightweight Semantic EEG Foundation Model for Frozen Cross-Disorder Transfercited by 0