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GAIA: A General Agency Interaction Architecture for LLM-Human B2B Negotiation & Screening

arXiv 2511.06262 ↗First posted 9 Nov 2025cs.AI cs.CYcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Organizations are increasingly exploring delegation of screening and negotiation tasks to AI systems, yet deployment in high-stakes B2B settings is constrained by governance: preventing unauthorized commitments, ensuring sufficient information before bargaining, and maintaining effective human oversight and auditability. Prior work on large language model negotiation largely emphasizes autonomous bargaining between agents and omits practical needs such as staged information gathering, explicit authorization boundaries, and systematic feedback integration. We propose GAIA, a governance-first framework for LLM-human agency in B2B negotiation and screening. GAIA defines three essential roles - Principal (human), Delegate (LLM agent), and Counterparty - with an optional Critic to enhance performance, and organizes interactions through three mechanisms: information-gated progression that separates screening from negotiation; dual feedback integration that combines AI critique with lightweight human corrections; and authorization boundaries with explicit escalation paths. Our contributions are fourfold: (1) a formal governance framework with three coordinated mechanisms and four safety invariants for delegation with bounded authorization; (2) information-gated progression via task-completeness tracking (TCI) and explicit state transitions that separate screening from commitment; (3) dual feedback integration that blends Critic suggestions with human oversight through parallel learning channels; and (4) a hybrid validation blueprint that combines automated protocol metrics with human judgment of outcomes and safety. By bridging theory and practice, GAIA offers a reproducible specification for safe, efficient, and accountable AI delegation that can be instantiated across procurement, real estate, and staffing workflows.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 7 of its 11 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Nov 2025.

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References · 7

  1. 2023CAMEL: Communicative Agents for "Mind" Exploration of Large Language Model Societycited by 1,348
  2. 2023Improving Language Model Negotiation with Self-Play and In-Context Learning from AI Feedbackcited by 202
  3. 2023Cooperation, Competition, and Maliciousness: LLM-Stakeholders Interactive Negotiationcited by 94
  4. 2024Measuring Bargaining Abilities of LLMs: A Benchmark and A Buyer-Enhancement Methodcited by 44
  5. 2024Human-In-the-Loop Software Development Agentscited by 42
  6. 2024Assistive Large Language Model Agents for Socially-Aware Negotiation Dialoguescited by 18
  7. 2023Negotiating with LLMS: Prompt Hacks, Skill Gaps, and Reasoning Deficitscited by 16

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  2. 2026Reframing LLM Agent Security as an Agent-Human Interaction Problem
  3. 2026Task-Aware Delegation Cues for LLM Agents
  4. 2026HAS-Bench: Evaluating LLM-Based Human-Agent Systems under Configurable Human Participation
  5. 2026LLM-X: A Scalable Negotiation-Oriented Exchange for Communication Among Personal LLM Agents
  6. 2026Choose Your Agent: Tradeoffs in Adopting AI Advisors, Coaches, and Delegates in Multi-Party Negotiation
  7. 2026Multi-User Large Language Model Agents
  8. 2025Regulating the Agency of LLM-based Agents