Multimedia-Aware Question Answering: A Review of Retrieval and Cross-Modal Reasoning Architectures
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → Multimodal RAG
Abstract (arXiv)
Question Answering (QA) systems have traditionally relied on structured text data, but the rapid growth of multimedia content (images, audio, video, and structured metadata) has introduced new challenges and opportunities for retrieval-augmented QA. In this survey, we review recent advancements in QA systems that integrate multimedia retrieval pipelines, focusing on architectures that align vision, language, and audio modalities with user queries. We categorize approaches based on retrieval methods, fusion techniques, and answer generation strategies, and analyze benchmark datasets, evaluation protocols, and performance tradeoffs. Furthermore, we highlight key challenges such as cross-modal alignment, latency-accuracy tradeoffs, and semantic grounding, and outline open problems and future research directions for building more robust and context-aware QA systems leveraging multimedia data.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal RAG, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 49 of its 75 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Oct 2025.
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