mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Diversity Boosts AI-Generated Text Detection

arXiv 2509.18880 ↗First posted 23 Sep 2025cs.CL cs.AI cs.LGcited by 6

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Detecting AI-generated text is an increasing necessity to combat misuse of LLMs in education, business compliance, journalism, and social media, where synthetic fluency can mask misinformation or deception. While prior detectors often rely on token-level likelihoods or opaque black-box classifiers, these approaches struggle against high-quality generations and offer little interpretability. In this work, we propose DivEye, a novel detection framework that captures how unpredictability fluctuates across a text using surprisal-based features. Motivated by the observation that human-authored text exhibits richer variability in lexical and structural unpredictability than LLM outputs, DivEye captures this signal through a set of interpretable statistical features. Our method outperforms existing zero-shot detectors by up to 33.2% and achieves competitive performance with fine-tuned baselines across multiple benchmarks. DivEye is robust to paraphrasing and adversarial attacks, generalizes well across domains and models, and improves the performance of existing detectors by up to 18.7% when used as an auxiliary signal. Beyond detection, DivEye provides interpretable insights into why a text is flagged, pointing to rhythmic unpredictability as a powerful and underexplored signal for LLM detection.

Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 63 of its 108 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Sep 2025.

Builds on

63 of 108 references.

References · 63

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
  2. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  3. 2016XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting Systemcited by 5,166
  4. 2016SQuAD: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Textcited by 4,148
  5. 2019HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence?cited by 4,100
  6. 2020Longformer: The Long-Document Transformercited by 3,413
  7. 2022Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Modelscited by 3,024
  8. 2019The Curious Case of Neural Text Degenerationcited by 2,916
  9. 2022Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructionscited by 2,724
  10. 2015Character-level Convolutional Networks for Text Classificationcited by 2,330
  11. 2021Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalizationcited by 1,470
  12. 2018Don't Give Me the Details, Just the Summary! Topic-Aware Convolutional Neural Networks for Extreme Summarizationcited by 1,317
38 more
  1. 2017Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Generator Networkscited by 1,292
  2. 2019PubMedQA: A Dataset for Biomedical Research Question Answeringcited by 1,288
  3. 2018Hierarchical Neural Story Generationcited by 1,193
  4. 2022GLM-130B: An Open Bilingual Pre-trained Modelcited by 843
  5. 2023DetectGPT: Zero-Shot Machine-Generated Text Detection using Probability Curvaturecited by 726
  6. 2023A Watermark for Large Language Modelscited by 725
  7. 2019ELI5: Long Form Question Answeringcited by 575
  8. 2019Release Strategies and the Social Impacts of Language Modelscited by 513
  9. 2019GLTR: Statistical Detection and Visualization of Generated Textcited by 496
  10. 2023How Close is ChatGPT to Human Experts? Comparison Corpus, Evaluation, and Detectioncited by 481
  11. 2023Paraphrasing evades detectors of AI-generated text, but retrieval is an effective defensecited by 429
  12. 2016A Corpus and Evaluation Framework for Deeper Understanding of Commonsense Storiescited by 417
  13. 2023Can AI-Generated Text be Reliably Detected?cited by 386
  14. 2023Fast-DetectGPT: Efficient Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Text via Conditional Probability Curvaturecited by 287
  15. 2024Spotting LLMs With Binoculars: Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Textcited by 263
  16. 2019Automatic Detection of Generated Text is Easiest when Humans are Fooledcited by 261
  17. 2023DetectLLM: Leveraging Log Rank Information for Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Textcited by 210
  18. 2024A Survey on Efficient Inference for Large Language Modelscited by 205
  19. 2023RADAR: Robust AI-Text Detection via Adversarial Learningcited by 190
  20. 2021DialogSum: A Real-Life Scenario Dialogue Summarization Datasetcited by 183
  21. 2023GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writerscited by 178
  22. 2024RAID: A Shared Benchmark for Robust Evaluation of Machine-Generated Text Detectorscited by 163
  23. 2023A Survey of Text Watermarking in the Era of Large Language Modelscited by 112
  24. 2016Winning Arguments: Interaction Dynamics and Persuasion Strategies in Good-faith Online Discussionscited by 110
  25. 2023A Survey on LLM-Generated Text Detection: Necessity, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 105
  26. 2023On the Possibilities of AI-Generated Text Detectioncited by 88
  27. 2023A Robust Semantics-based Watermark for Large Language Model against Paraphrasingcited by 82
  28. 2023Simulating Social Media Using Large Language Models to Evaluate Alternative News Feed Algorithmscited by 65
  29. 2023Stylometric Detection of AI-Generated Text in Twitter Timelinescited by 59
  30. 2023ChatGPT and a New Academic Reality: Artificial Intelligence-Written Research Papers and the Ethics of the Large Language Models in Scholarly Publishingcited by 52
  31. 2020Attacking Neural Text Detectorscited by 39
  32. 2022Deepfake Text Detection: Limitations and Opportunitiescited by 37
  33. 2025Large Language Models Are Human-Like Internallycited by 29
  34. 2023Towards Possibilities & Impossibilities of AI-generated Text Detection: A Surveycited by 28
  35. 2023On the Detectability of ChatGPT Content: Benchmarking, Methodology, and Evaluation through the Lens of Academic Writingcited by 27
  36. 2023Token Prediction as Implicit Classification to Identify LLM-Generated Textcited by 27
  37. 2023Bot or Human? Detecting ChatGPT Imposters with A Single Questioncited by 26
  38. 2024Black-Box Detection of Language Model Watermarkscited by 23

50 most cited of 63 All 63 (JSON)

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 5.

6 papers.