EfficientUICoder: A Bidirectional Token Compression Framework for Efficient MLLM-Based UI Code Generation
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Visual token pruning in multimodal models
Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal Large Language Models have demonstrated exceptional performance in UI2Code tasks, significantly enhancing website development efficiency. However, these tasks incur substantially higher computational overhead than traditional code generation due to the large number of input image tokens and extensive output code tokens required. Our comprehensive study identifies significant redundancies in both image and code tokens that exacerbate computational complexity and hinder focus on key UI elements, resulting in excessively lengthy and often invalid HTML files. We propose EfficientUICoder, a compression framework for efficient UI code generation with three key components. First, Element and Layout-aware Token Compression preserves essential UI information by detecting element regions and constructing UI element trees. Second, Region-aware Token Refinement leverages attention scores to discard low-attention tokens from selected regions while integrating high-attention tokens from unselected regions. Third, Adaptive Duplicate Token Suppression dynamically reduces repetitive generation by tracking HTML/CSS structure frequencies and applying exponential penalties. Extensive experiments show EfficientUICoder achieves a 55%-60% compression ratio without compromising webpage quality and delivers superior efficiency improvements: reducing computational cost by 44.9%, generated tokens by 41.4%, prefill time by 46.6%, and inference time by 48.8% on 34B-level MLLMs. Code is available at https://github.com/WebPAI/EfficientUICoder.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Visual token pruning in multimodal models, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 28 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Sep 2025.
Builds on
28 of 46 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
Other references · 27
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
- 2019The Curious Case of Neural Text Degenerationcited by 2,916
- 2019HuggingFace's Transformers: State-of-the-art Natural Language Processingcited by 2,218
- 2020CodeBERT: A Pre-Trained Model for Programming and Natural Languagescited by 1,310
- 2024PyramidDrop: Accelerating Your Large Vision-Language Models via Pyramid Visual Redundancy Reductioncited by 294
- 2024Design2Code: Benchmarking Multimodal Code Generation for Automated Front-End Engineeringcited by 152
- 2024Unlocking the conversion of Web Screenshots into HTML Code with the WebSight Datasetcited by 129
- 2017pix2code: Generating Code from a Graphical User Interface Screenshotcited by 114
- 2020A Theoretical Analysis of the Repetition Problem in Text Generationcited by 83
- 2024Web2Code: A Large-scale Webpage-to-Code Dataset and Evaluation Framework for Multimodal LLMscited by 74
- 2025Paper2Poster: Towards Multimodal Poster Automation from Scientific Paperscited by 63
15 more
- 2024Interaction2Code: Benchmarking MLLM-based Interactive Webpage Code Generation from Interactive Prototypingcited by 51
- 2025DesignBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for MLLM-based Front-end Code Generationcited by 45
- 2024WebCode2M: A Real-World Dataset for Code Generation from Webpage Designscited by 44
- 2023Repetition In Repetition Out: Towards Understanding Neural Text Degeneration from the Data Perspectivecited by 39
- 2024Automatically Generating UI Code from Screenshot: A Divide-and-Conquer-Based Approachcited by 24
- 2024MRWeb: An Exploration of Generating Multi-Page Resource-Aware Web Code from UI Designscited by 24
- 2025SlideCoder: Layout-aware RAG-enhanced Hierarchical Slide Generation from Designcited by 24
- 2019Sketch2Code: Transformation of Sketches to UI in Real-time Using Deep Neural Networkcited by 23
- 2025UICopilot: Automating UI Synthesis via Hierarchical Code Generation from Webpage Designscited by 22
- 2024When to Stop? Towards Efficient Code Generation in LLMs with Excess Token Preventioncited by 21
- 2024Efficient and Green Large Language Models for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Aheadcited by 17
- 2025MLLM-Based UI2Code Automation Guided by UI Layout Informationcited by 17
- 2024Empowering Agile-Based Generative Software Development through Human-AI Teamworkcited by 12
- 2025The Hidden Cost of Readability: How Code Formatting Silently Consumes Your LLM Budgetcited by 12
- 2025LaTCoder: Converting Webpage Design to Code with Layout-as-Thoughtcited by 9
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 4.
5 papers.
- 2026OCRVerse: Towards Holistic OCR in End-to-End Vision-Language Modelscited by 12
- 2025Benchmarking MLLM-based Web Understanding: Reasoning, Robustness and Safetycited by 6
- 2026Beyond NL2Code: A Structured Survey of Multimodal Code Intelligencecited by 6
- 2026CodeShrink: Adaptive Visual Compression for Efficient Multimodal Code Understandingcited by 0
- 2026Enabling Creative Exploration for Vibe Design Agentscited by 0
- 2026Enabling Creative Exploration for Vibe Design Agents14 Sep 2026
- 2026CodeShrink: Adaptive Visual Compression for Efficient Multimodal Code Understanding31 Jul 2026
- 2026Beyond NL2Code: A Structured Survey of Multimodal Code Intelligence14 Jun 2026
- 2026OCRVerse: Towards Holistic OCR in End-to-End Vision-Language Models29 Jan 2026
- 2025Benchmarking MLLM-based Web Understanding: Reasoning, Robustness and Safety26 Sep 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026UIPress: Bringing Optical Token Compression to UI-to-Code Generation
- 2025WebRenderBench: Enhancing Web Interface Generation through Layout-Style Consistency and Reinforcement Learning
- 2026Pattern over Pixels: Measuring Pattern Completion Bias in Multimodal Code Generation
- 2024FocusLLaVA: A Coarse-to-Fine Approach for Efficient and Effective Visual Token Compression
- 2025Smaller But Better: Unifying Layout Generation with Smaller Large Language Models
- 2025WebVIA: A Web-based Vision-Language Agentic Framework for Interactive and Verifiable UI-to-Code Generation
- 2025Revisiting MLLM Token Technology through the Lens of Classical Visual Coding
- 2026MT-Web2Code: Benchmarking Coding Agents on Multi-Turn Regional Reconstruction and Localized Modification