The Escalator Problem: Identifying Implicit Motion Blindness in AI for Accessibility
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs
Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) hold immense promise as assistive technologies for the blind and visually impaired (BVI) community. However, we identify a critical failure mode that undermines their trustworthiness in real-world applications. We introduce the Escalator Problem -- the inability of state-of-the-art models to perceive an escalator's direction of travel -- as a canonical example of a deeper limitation we term Implicit Motion Blindness. This blindness stems from the dominant frame-sampling paradigm in video understanding, which, by treating videos as discrete sequences of static images, fundamentally struggles to perceive continuous, low-signal motion. As a position paper, our contribution is not a new model but rather to: (I) formally articulate this blind spot, (II) analyze its implications for user trust, and (III) issue a call to action. We advocate for a paradigm shift from purely semantic recognition towards robust physical perception and urge the development of new, human-centered benchmarks that prioritize safety, reliability, and the genuine needs of users in dynamic environments.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 9 of its 17 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Aug 2025.
Builds on
9 of 17 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Mavors: Multi-granularity Video Representation for Multimodal Large Language Model14 Apr
- 2025MotionBench: Benchmarking and Improving Fine-grained Video Motion Understanding for Vision Language Models6 Jan
- 2023Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projection16 Nov
Other references · 6
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
- 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,415
- 2017Temporal Relational Reasoning in Videoscited by 324
- 2024ActionAtlas: A VideoQA Benchmark for Domain-specialized Action Recognitioncited by 21
- 2025Breaking Down Video LLM Benchmarks: Knowledge, Spatial Perception, or True Temporal Understanding?cited by 20
- 2025Navigation Framework for Blind and Visually Impaired Persons based on Sensor Fusioncited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
2 papers.
- 2026Motion-o: Trajectory-Grounded Video Reasoning19 Mar 2026
- 2025Roles of MLLMs in Visually Rich Document Retrieval for RAG: A Survey16 Dec 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026MotionBlind: Probing the Illusion of Motion Understanding in Video-LLMs
- 2025EgoBlind: Towards Egocentric Visual Assistance for the Blind
- 2025Seeing with Partial Certainty: Conformal Prediction for Robotic Scene Recognition in Built Environments
- 2026VIABench: A Comprehensive Video Benchmark Collected from Blind Individuals for Visual Impairment Assistance
- 2025SceneScout: Towards AI Agent-driven Access to Street View Imagery for Blind Users
- 2025MotionSight: Boosting Fine-Grained Motion Understanding in Multimodal LLMs
- 2025Evaluating Multimodal Language Models as Visual Assistants for Visually Impaired Users
- 2024Emerging Practices for Large Multimodal Model (LMM) Assistance for People with Visual Impairments: Implications for Design