Toward Low-Latency End-to-End Voice Agents for Telecommunications Using Streaming ASR, Quantized LLMs, and Real-Time TTS
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks
Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce a low-latency telecom AI voice agent pipeline for real-time, interactive telecommunications use, enabling advanced voice AI for call center automation, intelligent IVR (Interactive Voice Response), and AI-driven customer support. The solution is built for telecom, combining four specialized models by NetoAI: TSLAM, a 4-bit quantized Telecom-Specific Large Language Model (LLM); T-VEC, a Telecom-Specific Embedding Model; TTE, a Telecom-Specific Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model; and T-Synth, a Telecom-Specific Text-to-Speech (TTS) model. These models enable highly responsive, domain-adapted voice AI agents supporting knowledge-grounded spoken interactions with low latency. The pipeline integrates streaming ASR (TTE), conversational intelligence (TSLAM), retrieval augmented generation (RAG) over telecom documents, and real-time TTS (T-Synth), setting a new benchmark for telecom voice assistants. To evaluate the system, we built a dataset of 500 human-recorded telecom questions from RFCs, simulating real telecom agent queries. This framework allows analysis of latency, domain relevance, and real-time performance across the stack. Results show that TSLAM, TTE, and T-Synth deliver real-time factors (RTF) below 1.0, supporting enterprise, low-latency telecom deployments. These AI agents -- powered by TSLAM, TTE, and T-Synth -- provide a foundation for next-generation telecom AI, enabling automated customer support, diagnostics, and more.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 11 of its 19 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Aug 2025.
Builds on
11 of 19 references.
References · 11
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
- 2020Conformer: Convolution-augmented Transformer for Speech Recognitioncited by 1,838
- 2019Common Voice: A Massively-Multilingual Speech Corpuscited by 1,358
- 2022LLM.int8(): 8-bit Matrix Multiplication for Transformers at Scalecited by 881
- 2021High Quality Streaming Speech Synthesis with Low, Sentence-Length-Independent Latencycited by 19
- 2025WavRAG: Audio-Integrated Retrieval Augmented Generation for Spoken Dialogue Modelscited by 18
- 2023PreQuant: A Task-agnostic Quantization Approach for Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 5
- 2025Efficient Telecom Specific LLM: TSLAM-Mini with QLoRA and Digital Twin Datacited by 4
- 2025T-VEC: A Telecom-Specific Vectorization Model with Enhanced Semantic Understanding via Deep Triplet Loss Fine-Tuningcited by 3
- 2025VoxRAG: A Step Toward Transcription-Free RAG Systems in Spoken Question Answeringcited by 3
- 2025QUADS: QUAntized Distillation Framework for Efficient Speech Language Understandingcited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
5 papers.
- 2025SHANKS: Simultaneous Hearing and Thinking for Spoken Language Modelscited by 16
- 2026LTS-VoiceAgent: A Listen-Think-Speak Framework for Efficient Streaming Voice Interaction via Semantic Triggering and Incremental Reasoningcited by 5
- 2026VoxServe: Streaming-Centric Serving System for Speech Language Modelscited by 3
- 2025Cloning a Conversational Voice AI Agent from Call,Recording Datasets for Telesalescited by 2
- 2026Stage-Aware Communication Scheduling for Disaggregated LLM Servingcited by 1
- 2026Stage-Aware Communication Scheduling for Disaggregated LLM Serving18 Mar 2026
- 2026VoxServe: Streaming-Centric Serving System for Speech Language Models30 Jan 2026
- 2026LTS-VoiceAgent: A Listen-Think-Speak Framework for Efficient Streaming Voice Interaction via Semantic Triggering and Incremental Reasoning26 Jan 2026
- 2025SHANKS: Simultaneous Hearing and Thinking for Spoken Language Models8 Oct 2025
- 2025Cloning a Conversational Voice AI Agent from Call,Recording Datasets for Telesales5 Sep 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Spoken Conversational Agents with Large Language Models
- 2026An Intelligent AI glasses System with Multi-Agent Architecture for Real-Time Voice Processing and Task Execution
- 2026Beyond Fresh Starts: Stateful Inference for Streaming ASR in Conversational Voice Agents
- 2026VoiceChat-TTS: A Low-Latency Continuous Speech Synthesis Model for Interactive Agents
- 2025AsyncVoice Agent: Real-Time Explanation for LLM Planning and Reasoning
- 2025ChipChat: Low-Latency Cascaded Conversational Agent in MLX
- 2026TelcoAgent-Bench: A Multilingual Benchmark for Telecom AI Agents
- 2026SpeechGym: An Audio-Native Gym for Training Voice Agents via Reinforcement Learning