mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

HW-MLVQA: Elucidating Multilingual Handwritten Document Understanding with a Comprehensive VQA Benchmark

arXiv 2507.15655 ↗First posted 21 Jul 2025cs.CVcited by 1

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Document understanding and multimodal RAG

Abstract (arXiv)

The proliferation of MultiLingual Visual Question Answering (MLVQA) benchmarks augments the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and multi-modal LLMs, thereby enabling them to adeptly capture the intricate linguistic subtleties and visual complexities inherent across diverse languages. Despite its potential, the current MLVQA model struggles to fully utilize its capabilities when dealing with the extensive variety of handwritten documents. This article delineates HW-MLVQA, an avant-garde VQA benchmark meticulously crafted to mitigate the dearth of authentic Multilingual Handwritten document comprehension. HW-MLVQA encompasses an extensive collection of 1,600 handwritten Pages complemented by 2,400 question-answers. Furthermore, it provides a robust benchmark evaluation framework spanning three distinct modalities: text, image, and an integrated image & text modality. To simulate authentic real-world contexts devoid of ground truth textual transcriptions, we facilitates a rigorous assessment of proprietary and open-source OCR models. The benchmark aspires to facilitate pivotal advancements in multilingual handwritten document interpretation, fostering innovation and scholarly inquiry within this specialized domain.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Document understanding and multimodal RAG, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 18 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Jul 2025.

Builds on

18 of 29 references.

References · 18

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,399
  2. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,715
  3. 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
  4. 2016SQuAD: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Textcited by 4,148
  5. 2016Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,516
  6. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,506
  7. 2019Towards VQA Models That Can Readcited by 1,718
  8. 2016CLEVR: A Diagnostic Dataset for Compositional Language and Elementary Visual Reasoningcited by 1,457
  9. 2020DocVQA: A Dataset for VQA on Document Imagescited by 1,317
  10. 2018VizWiz Grand Challenge: Answering Visual Questions from Blind Peoplecited by 858
  11. 2020TyDi QA: A Benchmark for Information-Seeking Question Answering in Typologically Diverse Languagescited by 488
  12. 2019MLQA: Evaluating Cross-lingual Extractive Question Answeringcited by 340
6 more
  1. 2015Visual7W: Grounded Question Answering in Imagescited by 318
  2. 2016Human Attention in Visual Question Answering: Do Humans and Deep Networks Look at the Same Regions?cited by 111
  3. 2024MTVQA: Benchmarking Multilingual Text-Centric Visual Question Answeringcited by 93
  4. 2021xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answeringcited by 72
  5. 2021Asking questions on handwritten document collectionscited by 14
  6. 2023EVJVQA Challenge: Multilingual Visual Question Answeringcited by 6

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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

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  1. 2024CVQA: Culturally-diverse Multilingual Visual Question Answering Benchmark
  2. 2025Synthetic Document Question Answering in Hungarian
  3. 2026SEA-Vision: A Multilingual Benchmark for Comprehensive Document and Scene Text Understanding in Southeast Asia
  4. 2024Cross-Lingual Text-Rich Visual Comprehension: An Information Theory Perspective
  5. 2026INDOTABVQA: A Benchmark for Cross-Lingual Table Understanding in Bahasa Indonesia Documents
  6. 2024Natural Language Understanding and Inference with MLLM in Visual Question Answering: A Survey
  7. 2025VisR-Bench: An Empirical Study on Visual Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multilingual Long Document Understanding
  8. 2026TestHallVQA: Exploring LVLMs' Document-Level Reasoning under Redundant Contexts from Scientific Exams