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XL-DURel: Finetuning Sentence Transformers for Ordinal Word-in-Context Classification

arXiv 2507.14578 ↗First posted 19 Jul 2025cs.CLcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

We propose XL-DURel, a finetuned, multilingual Sentence Transformer model optimized for ordinal Word-in-Context classification. We test several loss functions for regression and ranking tasks managing to outperform previous models on ordinal and binary data with a ranking objective based on angular distance in complex space. We further show that binary WiC can be treated as a special case of ordinal WiC and that optimizing models for the general ordinal task improves performance on the more specific binary task. This paves the way for a unified treatment of WiC modeling across different task formulations.

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References · 12

  1. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
  2. 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,170
  3. 2019Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scalecited by 3,935
  4. 2018WiC: the Word-in-Context Dataset for Evaluating Context-Sensitive Meaning Representationscited by 372
  5. 2020XL-WiC: A Multilingual Benchmark for Evaluating Semantic Contextualizationcited by 42
  6. 2018Diachronic Usage Relatedness (DURel): A Framework for the Annotation of Lexical Semantic Changecited by 35
  7. 2021DWUG: A large Resource of Diachronic Word Usage Graphs in Four Languagescited by 26
  8. 2020RuSemShift: a dataset of historical lexical semantic change in Russiancited by 16
  9. 2023A survey and taxonomy of loss functions in machine learningcited by 15
  10. 2021AM2iCo: Evaluating Word Meaning in Context across Low-Resource Languages with Adversarial Examplescited by 14
  11. 2021Lexical Semantic Change Discoverycited by 13
  12. 2022RuDSI: graph-based word sense induction dataset for Russiancited by 7

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