mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Task Matters: Knowledge Requirements Shape LLM Responses to Context-Memory Conflict

arXiv 2506.06485 ↗First posted 6 Jun 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 16

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Abstract (arXiv)

Large language models (LLMs) draw on both contextual information and parametric memory, yet these sources can conflict. Prior studies have largely examined this issue in contextual question answering, implicitly assuming that tasks should rely on the provided context, leaving unclear how LLMs behave when tasks require different types and degrees of knowledge utilization. We address this gap with a model-agnostic diagnostic framework that holds underlying knowledge constant while introducing controlled conflicts across tasks with varying knowledge demands. Experiments on representative open-weight and proprietary LLMs show that performance degradation under conflict is driven by both task-specific knowledge reliance and conflict plausibility; that strategies such as rationales or context reiteration increase context reliance, helping context-only tasks but harming those requiring parametric knowledge; and that these effects bias model-based evaluation, calling into question the reliability of LLMs as judges. Overall, our findings reveal that context-memory conflict is inherently task-dependent and motivate task-aware approaches to balancing context and memory in LLM deployment and evaluation.

Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jun 2025.

Builds on

28 of 49 references.

References · 28

  1. 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,297
  2. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  3. 2022Locating and Editing Factual Associations in GPTcited by 2,691
  4. 2023G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignmentcited by 2,276
  5. 2023Not what you've signed up for: Compromising Real-World LLM-Integrated Applications with Indirect Prompt Injectioncited by 1,443
  6. 2022When Not to Trust Language Models: Investigating Effectiveness of Parametric and Non-Parametric Memoriescited by 1,128
  7. 2023Towards Understanding Sycophancy in Language Modelscited by 1,040
  8. 2022Discovering Language Model Behaviors with Model-Written Evaluationscited by 836
  9. 2022Ignore Previous Prompt: Attack Techniques For Language Modelscited by 832
  10. 2021Entity-Based Knowledge Conflicts in Question Answeringcited by 356
  11. 2023Adaptive Chameleon or Stubborn Sloth: Revealing the Behavior of Large Language Models in Knowledge Conflictscited by 341
  12. 2023Trusting Your Evidence: Hallucinate Less with Context-aware Decodingcited by 327
16 more
  1. 2024Humans or LLMs as the Judge? A Study on Judgement Biasescited by 323
  2. 2024Knowledge Conflicts for LLMs: A Surveycited by 283
  3. 2022Rich Knowledge Sources Bring Complex Knowledge Conflicts: Recalibrating Models to Reflect Conflicting Evidencecited by 144
  4. 2022Rationale-Augmented Ensembles in Language Modelscited by 111
  5. 2024Tug-of-War Between Knowledge: Exploring and Resolving Knowledge Conflicts in Retrieval-Augmented Language Modelscited by 93
  6. 2024Cutting Off the Head Ends the Conflict: A Mechanism for Interpreting and Mitigating Knowledge Conflicts in Language Modelscited by 91
  7. 2025JudgeLRM: Large Reasoning Models as a Judgecited by 78
  8. 2024What Evidence Do Language Models Find Convincing?cited by 75
  9. 2024WikiContradict: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs on Real-World Knowledge Conflicts from Wikipediacited by 44
  10. 2024Insight Over Sight: Exploring the Vision-Knowledge Conflicts in Multimodal LLMscited by 38
  11. 2024AdaCAD: Adaptively Decoding to Balance Conflicts between Contextual and Parametric Knowledgecited by 37
  12. 2025Taming Knowledge Conflicts in Language Modelscited by 30
  13. 2024Studying Large Language Model Behaviors Under Context-Memory Conflicts With Real Documentscited by 27
  14. 2023Intuitive or Dependent? Investigating LLMs' Behavior Style to Conflicting Promptscited by 23
  15. 2023How Robust are LLMs to In-Context Majority Label Bias?cited by 14
  16. 2024Mitigating Misleading Chain-of-Thought Reasoning with Selective Filteringcited by 10

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 15.

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  1. 2026Faithfulness vs. Safety: Evaluating LLM Behavior Under Counterfactual Medical Evidencecited by 3
  2. 2026Context-CoT: Enhancing Context Learning via High-Quality Reasoning Synthesiscited by 3
  3. 2026Three Regimes of Context-Parametric Conflict: A Predictive Framework and Empirical Validationcited by 2
  4. 2025Injecting Falsehoods: Adversarial Man-in-the-Middle Attacks Undermining Factual Recall in LLMscited by 1
  5. 2026CyBiasBench: Benchmarking Bias in LLM Agents for Cyber-Attack Scenarioscited by 1
  6. 2026Diagnosing Retrieval Bias Under Multiple In-Context Knowledge Updates in Large Language Modelscited by 0
  7. 2026OCC-RAG: Optimal Cognitive Core for Faithful Question Answeringcited by 0
  8. 2026Persistent Priors, Preserved Targets: A Stroop-Style Paradigm for Lexical Overridecited by 0
  9. 2026Prompts in the Wild: A Large Analyzed Collection of Transactional Prompts in Codecited by 0
  10. 2026Calibrating Criterion Revision in LLM Agents: Failure Modes and a Trace-Anchored Protocolcited by 0
  11. 2026Record Grouping Controls Evidence Weight in Language Modelscited by 0
  12. 2026Do LLMs Make More Mistakes If They Do Not Believe the Input Data?cited by 0
4 more
  1. 2026MWE-ECL: Recoverable Long-Range Context Does Not Always Override Local Lexical Priorscited by 0
  2. 2026What Should Data Teach? Moving Bottlenecks Across Circuit, Store, and Usecited by 0
  3. 2026Where's Waldo? Query-language Preference under Cross-lingual Knowledge Disparitiescited by 0
  4. 2026Accurate but Not Humble: Evaluating Epistemic Humility in LLM Agents under Knowledge Conflictcited by 0