ManuSearch: Democratizing Deep Search in Large Language Models with a Transparent and Open Multi-Agent Framework
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in web-augmented large language models (LLMs) have exhibited strong performance in complex reasoning tasks, yet these capabilities are mostly locked in proprietary systems with opaque architectures. In this work, we propose ManuSearch, a transparent and modular multi-agent framework designed to democratize deep search for LLMs. ManuSearch decomposes the search and reasoning process into three collaborative agents: (1) a solution planning agent that iteratively formulates sub-queries, (2) an Internet search agent that retrieves relevant documents via real-time web search, and (3) a structured webpage reading agent that extracts key evidence from raw web content. To rigorously evaluate deep reasoning abilities, we introduce ORION, a challenging benchmark focused on open-web reasoning over long-tail entities, covering both English and Chinese. Experimental results show that ManuSearch substantially outperforms prior open-source baselines and even surpasses leading closed-source systems. Our work paves the way for reproducible, extensible research in open deep search systems. We release the data and code in https://github.com/RUCAIBox/ManuSearch
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 8 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 May 2025.
Builds on
8 of 24 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Open Deep Search: Democratizing Search with Open-source Reasoning Agents26 Mar
- 2025Search-o1: Agentic Search-Enhanced Large Reasoning Models9 Jan
Other references · 6
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
- 2023GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmarkcited by 2,879
- 2025WebThinker: Empowering Large Reasoning Models with Deep Research Capabilitycited by 335
- 2024Fact, Fetch, and Reason: A Unified Evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 162
- 2024o1-Coder: an o1 Replication for Codingcited by 78
- 2024MindSearch: Mimicking Human Minds Elicits Deep AI Searchercited by 66
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
11 papers.
- 2025UI-TARS-2 Technical Report: Advancing GUI Agent with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learningcited by 215
- 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Modelscited by 126
- 2025Deep Research: A Survey of Autonomous Research Agentscited by 66
- 2025A Survey of LLM-based Deep Search Agents: Paradigm, Optimization, Evaluation, and Challengescited by 62
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Reinforcement Learning-based Agentic Search: Foundations, Roles, Optimizations, Evaluations, and Applicationscited by 22
- 2026SWE-Master: Unleashing the Potential of Software Engineering Agents via Post-Trainingcited by 22
- 2025Reducing Latency of LLM Search Agent via Speculation-based Algorithm-System Co-Designcited by 8
- 2025HierSearch: A Hierarchical Enterprise Deep Search Framework Integrating Local and Web Searchescited by 7
- 2026GISA: A Benchmark for General Information-Seeking Assistantcited by 6
- 2025Toward an AI-Native Internet: Rethinking the Web Architecture for Semantic Retrievalcited by 1
- 2026Clarify-Then-Search: A Clarification Benchmark for Deep Search with End-to-End Nugget Restorationcited by 0
- 2026Clarify-Then-Search: A Clarification Benchmark for Deep Search with End-to-End Nugget Restoration17 Jun 2026
- 2026GISA: A Benchmark for General Information-Seeking Assistant9 Feb 2026
- 2026SWE-Master: Unleashing the Potential of Software Engineering Agents via Post-Training3 Feb 2026
- 2025Reducing Latency of LLM Search Agent via Speculation-based Algorithm-System Co-Design25 Nov 2025
- 2025Toward an AI-Native Internet: Rethinking the Web Architecture for Semantic Retrieval23 Nov 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Reinforcement Learning-based Agentic Search: Foundations, Roles, Optimizations, Evaluations, and Applications19 Oct 2025
- 2025UI-TARS-2 Technical Report: Advancing GUI Agent with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning2 Sep 2025
- 2025Deep Research: A Survey of Autonomous Research Agents18 Aug 2025
- 2025HierSearch: A Hierarchical Enterprise Deep Search Framework Integrating Local and Web Searches11 Aug 2025
- 2025A Survey of LLM-based Deep Search Agents: Paradigm, Optimization, Evaluation, and Challenges3 Aug 2025
- 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Models17 Jul 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025From Web Search towards Agentic Deep Research: Incentivizing Search with Reasoning Agents
- 2026EigentSearch-Q+: Enhancing Deep Research Agents with Structured Reasoning Tools
- 2026OpenSeeker: Democratizing Frontier Search Agents by Fully Open-Sourcing Training Data
- 2026WebSwarm: Recursive Multi-Agent Orchestration for Deep-and-Wide Web Search
- 2025DeepDive: Advancing Deep Search Agents with Knowledge Graphs and Multi-Turn RL
- 2026BrowseComp-V3: A Visual, Vertical, and Verifiable Benchmark for Multimodal Browsing Agents
- 2025Demystifying deep search: a holistic evaluation with hint-free multi-hop questions and factorised metrics
- 2024Level-Navi Agent: A Framework and benchmark for Chinese Web Search Agents