mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

InternAgent: When Agent Becomes the Scientist -- Building Closed-Loop System from Hypothesis to Verification

arXiv 2505.16938 ↗First posted 22 May 2025cs.AI cs.CL cs.CVcited by 46

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Cited by 28 in LLM agents and tool use, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is accelerating the transformation of scientific research paradigms, not only enhancing research efficiency but also driving innovation. We introduce InternAgent, a unified closed-loop multi-agent framework to conduct Autonomous Scientific Research (ASR) across various scientific research fields, enabling researchers to tackle complicated problems in these fields with unprecedented speed and precision. InternAgent highlights three key advantages: 1) Scalability: InternAgent has demonstrated its versatility across 12 scientific research tasks, capable of generating innovative ideas to enhance the performance of baseline code. 2) Interactivity: InternAgent provides an interface for human expert feedback and multi-agent interaction in automated end-to-end processes, allowing for the seamless integration of domain expert knowledge. 3) Efficiency: InternAgent has achieved promising performance gains in several scientific fields with significantly less time cost compared to human efforts. For instance, in reaction yield prediction, it increased from 27.6% to 35.4% in just 12 hours; in enhancer activity prediction, accuracy rose from 0.65 to 0.79 with only 4 hours of processing; and in 2D semantic segmentation, precision advanced from 78.8% to 81.0% in a mere 30 hours.

Key facts. Cited by 46 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 May 2025.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 9; 2026: 37.

46 papers.

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  1. 2025From AI for Science to Agentic Science: A Survey on Autonomous Scientific Discoverycited by 77
  2. 2026A Survey of Agentic Reasoning for Large Language Models: Towards Recursively Self-Improving and Collective Agentscited by 50
  3. 2026A Survey of Agent Memory in the Second Half: Towards Self-Evolving and Long-Horizon Agentscited by 44
  4. 2025A Survey of Scientific Large Language Models: From Data Foundations to Agent Frontierscited by 37
  5. 2026InternAgent-1.5: A Unified Agentic Framework for Long-Horizon Autonomous Scientific Discoverycited by 27
  6. 2026MARS: Modular Agent with Reflective Search for Automated AI Researchcited by 25
  7. 2026ResearchGym: Evaluating Language Model Agents on Real-World AI Researchcited by 22
  8. 2025The FM Agentcited by 21
  9. 2025InnovatorBench: Evaluating Agents' Ability to Conduct Innovative LLM Researchcited by 19
  10. 2025AutoLabs: Cognitive Multi-Agent Systems with Self-Correction for Autonomous Chemical Experimentationcited by 15
  11. 2026PaperOrchestra: A Multi-Agent Framework for Automated AI Research Paper Writingcited by 13
  12. 2026AIBuildAI: An AI Agent for Automatically Building AI Modelscited by 13
34 more
  1. 2026KAPSO: A Knowledge-grounded framework for Autonomous Program Synthesis and Optimizationcited by 11
  2. 2026AI for Auto-Research: Roadmap & User Guidecited by 11
  3. 2026Can We Predict Before Executing Machine Learning Agents?cited by 10
  4. 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluatorcited by 9
  5. 2026Autonomous Research Agents: A Survey of AI Scientists and the Verification Gapcited by 9
  6. 2026InnoEval: On Research Idea Evaluation as a Knowledge-Grounded, Multi-Perspective Reasoning Problemcited by 8
  7. 2026Self-Improvement of Large Language Models: A Technical Overview and Future Outlookcited by 5
  8. 2025Perspectra: Choosing Your Experts Enhances Critical Thinking in Multi-Agent Research Ideationcited by 4
  9. 2026Milestones over Outcome: Unlocking Geometric Reasoning with Sub-Goal Verifiable Rewardcited by 4
  10. 2026S1-NexusAgent: a Self-Evolving Agent Framework for Multidisciplinary Scientific Researchcited by 4
  11. 2026SciDataCopilot: An Agentic Data Preparation Framework for AGI-driven Scientific Discoverycited by 4
  12. 2026NanoResearch: Co-Evolving Skills, Memory, and Policy for Personalized Research Automationcited by 4
  13. 2026Agon: An Autonomous Large-Scale Omnidisciplinary Research System Built on Prompt Economycited by 4
  14. 2026ScienceFlow: A long-horizon agent for ML research, scientific discovery and beyondcited by 4
  15. 2025ReX-MLE: The Autonomous Agent Benchmark for Medical Imaging Challengescited by 3
  16. 2026AIBuildAI-2: A Knowledge-Enhanced Agent for Automatically Building AI Modelscited by 3
  17. 2026Agents-K1: Towards Agent-native Knowledge Orchestrationcited by 3
  18. 2026Multi-agent discovery of practical quantum LDPC codescited by 2
  19. 2026SciDER: Scientific Data-centric End-to-end Researchercited by 1
  20. 2026Embodied Science: Closing the Discovery Loop with Agentic Embodied AIcited by 1
  21. 2026Mimosa Framework: Toward Evolving Multi-Agent Systems for Scientific Researchcited by 1
  22. 2026SciAtlas: A Computable Atlas of Science for Knowledge-Grounded AI Researchcited by 1
  23. 2026EviGraph: Evidence-Guided Autonomous Research Agentscited by 1
  24. 2026OmniScientist: An Omni-Modal Omni-Discipline AI Scientistcited by 1
  25. 2026AIM: Agentic Idea Management for Automated Researchcited by 1
  26. 2025When AI Does Science: Evaluating the Autonomous AI Scientist KOSMOS in Radiation Biologycited by 0
  27. 2026Easy Samples Are All You Need: Self-Evolving LLMs via Data-Efficient Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
  28. 2026SeekBrain: An Autonomous Multi-Agent System for Accelerating Neuroscience Discoverycited by 0
  29. 2026Position: AI Agents in Scientific Teams Should Be Studied as Human-Agent Systemscited by 0
  30. 2026Paper Pilot: A Human-in-the-Loop Expert System for Evidence-Traceable Scientific Manuscript Generation in Applied Sciencescited by 0
  31. 2026AIBuildAI-2.5: Efficient Autonomous AI Model Development Through LLM-Guided Tree Searchcited by 0
  32. 2026EvoCast: Reliable Autonomous Research Agents for Iterative Forecasting Architecture Evolutioncited by 0
  33. 2026DHCG: Dynamic Construction of Hierarchical Collaboration Graphs for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Reasoningcited by 0
  34. 2026JANUS: Enhancing Long-Horizon Autonomous Research with Co-Evolving World Modelscited by 0