Protecting Your Voice: Temporal-aware Robust Watermarking
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Abstract (arXiv)
The rapid advancement of generative models has led to the synthesis of real-fake ambiguous voices. To erase the ambiguity, embedding watermarks into the frequency-domain features of synthesized voices has become a common routine. However, the robustness achieved by choosing the frequency domain often comes at the expense of fine-grained voice features, leading to a loss of fidelity. Maximizing the comprehensive learning of time-domain features to enhance fidelity while maintaining robustness, we pioneer a textbfunderlinetemporal-aware textbfunderlinerobtextbfunderlineust wattextbfunderlineermarking (True) method for protecting the speech and singing voice. For this purpose, the integrated content-driven encoder is designed for watermarked waveform reconstruction, which is structurally lightweight. Additionally, the temporal-aware gated convolutional network is meticulously designed to bit-wise recover the watermark. Comprehensive experiments and comparisons with existing state-of-the-art methods have demonstrated the superior fidelity and vigorous robustness of the proposed textitTrue achieving an average PESQ score of 4.63.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Apr 2025.
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References · 21
- 2018MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottleneckscited by 4,795
- 2016Language Modeling with Gated Convolutional Networkscited by 702
- 2019LibriTTS: A Corpus Derived from LibriSpeech for Text-to-Speechcited by 649
- 2021Conditional Variational Autoencoder with Adversarial Learning for End-to-End Text-to-Speechcited by 561
- 2023The Stable Signature: Rooting Watermarks in Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 304
- 2020Artificial Fingerprinting for Generative Models: Rooting Deepfake Attribution in Training Datacited by 201
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- 2020AISHELL-3: A Multi-speaker Mandarin TTS Corpus and the Baselinescited by 111
- 2020Responsible Disclosure of Generative Models Using Scalable Fingerprintingcited by 91
9 more
- 2024Proactive Detection of Voice Cloning with Localized Watermarkingcited by 78
- 2021SC-GlowTTS: an Efficient Zero-Shot Multi-Speaker Text-To-Speech Modelcited by 56
- 2022Opencpop: A High-Quality Open Source Chinese Popular Song Corpus for Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 53
- 2023WavMark: Watermarking for Audio Generationcited by 50
- 2023Detecting Voice Cloning Attacks via Timbre Watermarkingcited by 44
- 2022DeAR: A Deep-learning-based Audio Re-recording Resilient Watermarkingcited by 22
- 2023StyleSinger: Style Transfer for Out-of-Domain Singing Voice Synthesiscited by 21
- 2024GROOT: Generating Robust Watermark for Diffusion-Model-Based Audio Synthesiscited by 21
- 2024ProMark: Proactive Diffusion Watermarking for Causal Attributioncited by 17
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- 2025AWARE: Audio Watermarking with Adversarial Resistance to Edits
- 2026Hidden in Plain Tokens: Simply Robust, Gradient-Free Watermark for Synthetic Audio
- 2024AudioMarkBench: Benchmarking Robustness of Audio Watermarking
- 2025SOLIDO: A Robust Watermarking Method for Speech Synthesis via Low-Rank Adaptation
- 2025TriniMark: A Robust Generative Speech Watermarking Method for Trinity-Level Traceability
- 2024Speech Watermarking with Discrete Intermediate Representations
- 2026GAMW: Generation-Aware Mel-Domain Watermarking for TTS Traceability