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Structured Legal Document Generation in India: A Model-Agnostic Wrapper Approach with VidhikDastaavej

arXiv 2504.03486 ↗First posted 4 Apr 2025cs.CL cs.AI cs.IRcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Automating legal document drafting can improve efficiency and reduce the burden of manual legal work. Yet, the structured generation of private legal documents remains underexplored, particularly in the Indian context, due to the scarcity of public datasets and the complexity of adapting models for long-form legal drafting. To address this gap, we introduce VidhikDastaavej, a large-scale, anonymized dataset of private legal documents curated in collaboration with an Indian law firm. Covering 133 diverse categories, this dataset is the first resource of its kind and provides a foundation for research in structured legal text generation and Legal AI more broadly. We further propose a Model-Agnostic Wrapper (MAW), a two-stage generation framework that first plans the section structure of a legal draft and then generates each section with retrieval-based prompts. MAW is independent of any specific LLM, making it adaptable across both open- and closed-source models. Comprehensive evaluation, including lexical, semantic, LLM-based, and expert-driven assessments with inter-annotator agreement, shows that the wrapper substantially improves factual accuracy, coherence, and completeness compared to fine-tuned baselines. This work establishes both a new benchmark dataset and a generalizable generation framework, paving the way for future research in AI-assisted legal drafting.

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References · 17

  1. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
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  7. 2021ILDC for CJPE: Indian Legal Documents Corpus for Court Judgment Prediction and Explanationcited by 78
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  10. 2024CLERC: A Dataset for Legal Case Retrieval and Retrieval-Augmented Analysis Generationcited by 18
  11. 2024Legal Judgment Reimagined: PredEx and the Rise of Intelligent AI Interpretation in Indian Courtscited by 15
  12. 2023Explicitly Integrating Judgment Prediction with Legal Document Retrieval: A Law-Guided Generative Approachcited by 14
5 more
  1. 2023Legal Question-Answering in the Indian Context: Efficacy, Challenges, and Potential of Modern AI Modelscited by 10
  2. 2022nigam@COLIEE-22: Legal Case Retrieval and Entailment using Cascading of Lexical and Semantic-based modelscited by 9
  3. 2024HiCuLR: Hierarchical Curriculum Learning for Rhetorical Role Labeling of Legal Documentscited by 6
  4. 2025CoPERLex: Content Planning with Event-based Representations for Legal Case Summarizationcited by 4
  5. 2025LexGenie: Automated Generation of Structured Reports for European Court of Human Rights Case Lawcited by 2

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