Color Transfer with Modulated Flows
On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing
Abstract (arXiv)
In this work, we introduce Modulated Flows (ModFlows), a novel approach for color transfer between images based on rectified flows. The primary goal of the color transfer is to adjust the colors of a target image to match the color distribution of a reference image. Our technique is based on optimal transport and executes color transfer as an invertible transformation within the RGB color space. The ModFlows utilizes the bijective property of flows, enabling us to introduce a common intermediate color distribution and build a dataset of rectified flows. We train an encoder on this dataset to predict the weights of a rectified model for new images. After training on a set of optimal transport plans, our approach can generate plans for new pairs of distributions without additional fine-tuning. We additionally show that the trained encoder provides an image embedding, associated only with its color style. The presented method is capable of processing 4K images and achieves the state-of-the-art performance in terms of content and style similarity. Our source code is available at https://github.com/maria-larchenko/modflows
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 17 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Mar 2025.
Builds on
17 of 35 references.
References · 17
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
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- 2024DepthFM: Fast Monocular Depth Estimation with Flow Matchingcited by 76
- 2021Domain-Aware Universal Style Transfercited by 40
- 2019Ultrafast Photorealistic Style Transfer via Neural Architecture Searchcited by 39
5 more
- 2018PIRM Challenge on Perceptual Image Enhancement on Smartphones: Reportcited by 38
- 2023Neural Preset for Color Style Transfercited by 36
- 2021PhotoWCT2: Compact Autoencoder for Photorealistic Style Transfer Resulting from Blockwise Training and Skip Connections of High-Frequency Residualscited by 30
- 2020Deep Preset: Blending and Retouching Photos with Color Style Transfercited by 18
- 2023Optimal Image Transport on Sparse Dictionariescited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 5.
7 papers.
- 2025Personalized Image Filter: Mastering Your Photographic Stylecited by 2
- 2026AceTone: Bridging Words and Colors for Conditional Image Gradingcited by 2
- 2025ReSWD: ReSTIR'd, not shaken. Combining Reservoir Sampling and Sliced Wasserstein Distance for Variance Reductioncited by 0
- 2026Towards In-Context Tone Style Transfer with A Large-Scale Triplet Datasetcited by 0
- 2026Histogram-constrained Image Generationcited by 0
- 2026ColorFM: An Optimization-to-Learning Framework for Color Transfer via Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2026Simple, Safe, and Overlooked: Reclaiming Sustainable Domain Generalization with Statistical Color Matchingcited by 0
- 2026Simple, Safe, and Overlooked: Reclaiming Sustainable Domain Generalization with Statistical Color Matching19 Aug 2026
- 2026ColorFM: An Optimization-to-Learning Framework for Color Transfer via Flow Matching8 Jul 2026
- 2026Histogram-constrained Image Generation30 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards In-Context Tone Style Transfer with A Large-Scale Triplet Dataset17 Apr 2026
- 2026AceTone: Bridging Words and Colors for Conditional Image Grading1 Apr 2026
- 2025Personalized Image Filter: Mastering Your Photographic Style19 Oct 2025
- 2025ReSWD: ReSTIR'd, not shaken. Combining Reservoir Sampling and Sliced Wasserstein Distance for Variance Reduction1 Oct 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024ColorFlow: Retrieval-Augmented Image Sequence Colorization
- 2025Inversion-Free Style Transfer with Dual Rectified Flows
- 2023Dequantization and Color Transfer with Diffusion Models
- 2024Control Color: Multimodal Diffusion-based Interactive Image Colorization
- 2025Leveraging the Powerful Attention of a Pre-trained Diffusion Model for Exemplar-based Image Colorization
- 2024MRStyle: A Unified Framework for Color Style Transfer with Multi-Modality Reference
- 2026RAW-Flow: Advancing RGB-to-RAW Image Reconstruction with Deterministic Latent Flow Matching
- 2026PixelART: Image-to-Layer Decomposition without Latents or Text-to-Image Pretraining