An Empirical Study of Conformal Prediction in LLM with ASP Scaffolds for Robust Reasoning
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we examine the use of Conformal Language Modelling (CLM) alongside Answer Set Programming (ASP) to enhance the performance of standard open-weight LLMs on complex multi-step reasoning tasks. Using the StepGame dataset, which requires spatial reasoning, we apply CLM to generate sets of ASP programs from an LLM, providing statistical guarantees on the correctness of the outputs. Experimental results show that CLM significantly outperforms baseline models that use standard sampling methods, achieving substantial accuracy improvements across different levels of reasoning complexity. Additionally, the LLM-as-Judge metric enhances CLM's performance, especially in assessing structurally and logically correct ASP outputs. However, calibrating CLM with diverse calibration sets did not improve generalizability for tasks requiring much longer reasoning steps, indicating limitations in handling more complex tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 19 of its 26 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Mar 2025.
Builds on
19 of 26 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Coupling Large Language Models with Logic Programming for Robust and General Reasoning from Text15 Jul
- 2023Natural Language Reasoning, A Survey26 Mar
Other references · 17
- 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
- 2023G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignmentcited by 2,205
- 2022Survey of Hallucination in Natural Language Generationcited by 2,056
- 2022Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language modelscited by 1,970
- 2024LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Modelscited by 1,442
- 2021Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing via Large Pre-Trained Language Models: A Surveycited by 457
- 2019The Neuro-Symbolic Concept Learner: Interpreting Scenes, Words, and Sentences From Natural Supervisioncited by 369
- 2021Learn then Test: Calibrating Predictive Algorithms to Achieve Risk Controlcited by 256
- 2023Conformal Language Modelingcited by 163
- 2017Multi-shot ASP solving with clingocited by 115
- 2022StepGame: A New Benchmark for Robust Multi-Hop Spatial Reasoning in Textscited by 65
- 2024Conformal Prediction for Natural Language Processing: A Surveycited by 52
5 more
- 2018Cautious Deep Learningcited by 35
- 2024Advancing Spatial Reasoning in Large Language Models: An In-Depth Evaluation and Enhancement Using the StepGame Benchmarkcited by 26
- 2019Concepts and Applications of Conformal Prediction in Computational Drug Discoverycited by 13
- 2023Disentangling Extraction and Reasoning in Multi-hop Spatial Reasoningcited by 6
- 2022Using Answer Set Programming for HPC Dependency Solvingcited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
3 papers.
- 2025Another Fit Bites the Dust: Conformal Prediction as a Calibration Standard for Machine Learning in High-Energy Physicscited by 2
- 2025Bridging Natural Language and ASP: A Hybrid Approach Using LLMs and AMR Parsingcited by 0
- 2026Spatial Reasoning via Modality Switching Between Language and Symbolic Representationscited by 0
- 2026Spatial Reasoning via Modality Switching Between Language and Symbolic Representations30 Jun 2026
- 2025Another Fit Bites the Dust: Conformal Prediction as a Calibration Standard for Machine Learning in High-Energy Physics18 Dec 2025
- 2025Bridging Natural Language and ASP: A Hybrid Approach Using LLMs and AMR Parsing11 Nov 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026LLMs as ASP Programmers: Self-Correction Enables Task-Agnostic Nonmonotonic Reasoning
- 2024LLM Reasoners: New Evaluation, Library, and Analysis of Step-by-Step Reasoning with Large Language Models
- 2024Inference Scaling vs Reasoning: An Empirical Analysis of Compute-Optimal LLM Problem-Solving
- 2023Competition-Level Problems are Effective LLM Evaluators
- 2024Are Your LLMs Capable of Stable Reasoning?
- 2024CLR-Bench: Evaluating Large Language Models in College-level Reasoning
- 2025A Modular Dataset to Demonstrate LLM Abstraction Capability
- 2024Dspy-based Neural-Symbolic Pipeline to Enhance Spatial Reasoning in LLMs