PropXplain: Can LLMs Enable Explainable Propaganda Detection?
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Abstract (arXiv)
There has been significant research on propagandistic content detection across different modalities and languages. However, most studies have primarily focused on detection, with little attention given to explanations justifying the predicted label. This is largely due to the lack of resources that provide explanations alongside annotated labels. To address this issue, we propose a multilingual (i.e., Arabic and English) explanation-enhanced dataset, the first of its kind. Additionally, we introduce an explanation-enhanced LLM for both label detection and rationale-based explanation generation. Our findings indicate that the model performs comparably while also generating explanations. We will make the dataset and experimental resources publicly available for the research community (https://github.com/firojalam/PropXplain).
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Feb 2025.
Builds on
18 of 30 references.
References · 18
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- 2023Is ChatGPT better than Human Annotators? Potential and Limitations of ChatGPT in Explaining Implicit Hate Speechcited by 165
- 2020Generating Fact Checking Explanationscited by 132
- 2019Fine-Grained Analysis of Propaganda in News Articlescited by 130
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- 2024Can GPT-4 Identify Propaganda? Annotation and Detection of Propaganda Spans in News Articlescited by 21
- 2023ArAIEval Shared Task: Persuasion Techniques and Disinformation Detection in Arabic Textcited by 19
6 more
- 2024ChatGPT Rates Natural Language Explanation Quality Like Humans: But on Which Scales?cited by 17
- 2019Proppy: A System to Unmask Propaganda in Online Newscited by 16
- 2021Interpretable Propaganda Detection in News Articlescited by 16
- 2024ArAIEval Shared Task: Propagandistic Techniques Detection in Unimodal and Multimodal Arabic Contentcited by 11
- 2024Think Fast, Think Slow, Think Critical: Designing an Automated Propaganda Detection Toolcited by 9
- 2022Modern Distributed Data-Parallel Large-Scale Pre-training Strategies For NLP modelscited by 5
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 7.
7 papers.
- 2026MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memescited by 5
- 2026Beyond LLM-as-a-Judge: Deterministic Metrics for Multilingual Generative Text Evaluationcited by 3
- 2026LLM-Based Adversarial Persuasion Attacks on Fact-Checking Systemscited by 1
- 2026CritiSense: Critical Digital Literacy and Resilience Against Misinformationcited by 0
- 2026Fine-tuning with Hierarchical Prompting for Robust Propaganda Classification Across Annotation Schemascited by 0
- 2026AHA-Memes: A Fine-Grained Multimodal Benchmark for Understanding Hate in Arabic Memescited by 0
- 2026ProBel: Propaganda Detection with Techniques, Spans, and Explanationscited by 0
- 2026ProBel: Propaganda Detection with Techniques, Spans, and Explanations23 Aug 2026
- 2026AHA-Memes: A Fine-Grained Multimodal Benchmark for Understanding Hate in Arabic Memes29 Jul 2026
- 2026Fine-tuning with Hierarchical Prompting for Robust Propaganda Classification Across Annotation Schemas13 May 2026
- 2026Beyond LLM-as-a-Judge: Deterministic Metrics for Multilingual Generative Text Evaluation6 Apr 2026
- 2026CritiSense: Critical Digital Literacy and Resilience Against Misinformation17 Mar 2026
- 2026LLM-Based Adversarial Persuasion Attacks on Fact-Checking Systems23 Jan 2026
- 2026MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memes18 Jan 2026