LaTIM: Measuring Latent Token-to-Token Interactions in Mamba Models
On the map: State-space sequence models (S4, Mamba) → Core SSM architectures for language
Abstract (arXiv)
State space models (SSMs), such as Mamba, have emerged as an efficient alternative to transformers for long-context sequence modeling. However, despite their growing adoption, SSMs lack the interpretability tools that have been crucial for understanding and improving attention-based architectures. While recent efforts provide insights into Mamba's internal mechanisms, they do not explicitly decompose token-wise contributions, leaving gaps in understanding how Mamba selectively processes sequences across layers. In this work, we introduce LaTIM, a novel token-level decomposition method for both Mamba-1 and Mamba-2 that enables fine-grained interpretability. We extensively evaluate our method across diverse tasks, including machine translation, copying, and retrieval-based generation, demonstrating its effectiveness in revealing Mamba's token-to-token interaction patterns.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Core SSM architectures for language, one of 10 directions in State-space sequence models (S4, Mamba). Builds on 30 of its 44 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Feb 2025.
Builds on
30 of 44 references.
Closest ancestors · 7
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Mimetic Initialization Helps State Space Models Learn to Recall14 Oct
- 2024Transformers to SSMs: Distilling Quadratic Knowledge to Subquadratic Models19 Aug
- 2024How Effective are State Space Models for Machine Translation?7 Jul
- 2024MambaLRP: Explaining Selective State Space Sequence Models11 Jun
- 2024Transformers are SSMs: Generalized Models and Efficient Algorithms Through Structured State Space Duality31 May
- 2024The Hidden Attention of Mamba Models3 Mar
- 2023Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces1 Dec
Other references · 23
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
- 2016Layer Normalizationcited by 5,669
- 2018Group Normalizationcited by 1,524
- 2024RULER: What's the Real Context Size of Your Long-Context Language Models?cited by 1,346
- 2024The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scalecited by 1,160
- 2020COMET: A Neural Framework for MT Evaluationcited by 1,033
- 2019Attention is not Explanationcited by 929
- 2020Quantifying Attention Flow in Transformerscited by 775
- 2024MiniCPM: Unveiling the Potential of Small Language Models with Scalable Training Strategiescited by 723
- 2019Attention is not not Explanationcited by 636
- 2020HiPPO: Recurrent Memory with Optimal Polynomial Projectionscited by 605
- 2024Parallelizing Linear Transformers with the Delta Rule over Sequence Lengthcited by 396
11 more
- 2024Repeat After Me: Transformers are Better than State Space Models at Copyingcited by 216
- 2023Zoology: Measuring and Improving Recall in Efficient Language Modelscited by 204
- 2021Word Alignment by Fine-tuning Embeddings on Parallel Corporacited by 186
- 2020The elephant in the interpretability room: Why use attention as explanation when we have saliency methods?cited by 122
- 2024Hymba: A Hybrid-head Architecture for Small Language Modelscited by 99
- 2021"Will You Find These Shortcuts?" A Protocol for Evaluating the Faithfulness of Input Salience Methods for Text Classificationcited by 66
- 2022Measuring the Mixing of Contextual Information in the Transformercited by 65
- 2020How do Decisions Emerge across Layers in Neural Models? Interpretation with Differentiable Maskingcited by 63
- 2021Incorporating Residual and Normalization Layers into Analysis of Masked Language Modelscited by 51
- 2023Explaining How Transformers Use Context to Build Predictionscited by 43
- 2021The Eval4NLP Shared Task on Explainable Quality Estimation: Overview and Resultscited by 27
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 5.
6 papers.
- 2026WriteSAE: Sparse Autoencoders for Recurrent Statecited by 1
- 2025Evolving and Executing Research Plans via Double-Loop Multi-Agent Collaborationcited by 0
- 2026A Circuit, Not The Circuit: Non-Unique Causal Localisation of the Mamba-2 State Sinkcited by 0
- 2026Bridging Human and Model Attention: Explainability Analysis of CNN, Mamba, and ViT Architectures with Gaze-Based Validationcited by 0
- 2026READ: Reading the Selective Scan for Faithful Video Attributioncited by 0
- 2026SuPER-Mamba: Surprisal Prioritization for Extended-Context Routing in Mambacited by 0
- 2026SuPER-Mamba: Surprisal Prioritization for Extended-Context Routing in Mamba12 Oct 2026
- 2026READ: Reading the Selective Scan for Faithful Video Attribution9 Oct 2026
- 2026Bridging Human and Model Attention: Explainability Analysis of CNN, Mamba, and ViT Architectures with Gaze-Based Validation8 Oct 2026
- 2026A Circuit, Not The Circuit: Non-Unique Causal Localisation of the Mamba-2 State Sink30 May 2026
- 2026WriteSAE: Sparse Autoencoders for Recurrent State12 May 2026
- 2025Evolving and Executing Research Plans via Double-Loop Multi-Agent Collaboration8 Oct 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Mamba Knockout for Unraveling Factual Information Flow
- 2024Revealing and Mitigating the Local Pattern Shortcuts of Mamba
- 2026Lost in State Space: Probing Frozen Mamba Representations
- 2026Motif-Mamba: network motif improved mamba for long-range sequence modeling
- 2024An Empirical Study of Mamba-based Language Models
- 2025LongMamba: Enhancing Mamba's Long Context Capabilities via Training-Free Receptive Field Enlargement
- 2025Controllability Analysis of State Space-based Language Model
- 2026Mamba-3: Improved Sequence Modeling using State Space Principles