HellaSwag-Pro: A Large-Scale Bilingual Benchmark for Evaluating the Robustness of LLMs in Commonsense Reasoning
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
Abstract (arXiv)
Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in commonsense reasoning; however, some variations in questions can trigger incorrect responses. Do these models truly understand commonsense knowledge, or just memorize expression patterns? To investigate this question, we present the first extensive robustness evaluation of LLMs in commonsense reasoning. We introduce HellaSwag-Pro, a large-scale bilingual benchmark consisting of 11,200 cases, by designing and compiling seven types of question variants. To construct this benchmark, we propose a two-stage method to develop Chinese HellaSwag, a finely annotated dataset comprising 12,000 instances across 56 categories. We conduct extensive experiments on 41 representative LLMs, revealing that these LLMs are far from robust in commonsense reasoning. Furthermore, this robustness varies depending on the language in which the LLM is tested. This work establishes a high-quality evaluation benchmark, with extensive experiments offering valuable insights to the community in commonsense reasoning for LLMs.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 15 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Feb 2025.
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 3.
7 papers.
- 2025MMLU-ProX: A Multilingual Benchmark for Advanced Large Language Model Evaluationcited by 79
- 2026Seeing Is Believing? A Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models on Visual Illusions and Anomaliescited by 8
- 2026ORCH: many analyses, one merge-a deterministic multi-agent orchestrator for discrete-choice reasoning with EMA-guided routingcited by 5
- 2025Teaching LLM to Reason: Reinforcement Learning from Algorithmic Problems without Codecited by 3
- 2025AgentCoMa: A Compositional Benchmark Mixing Commonsense and Mathematical Reasoning in Real-World Scenarioscited by 3
- 2025Culturally Grounded Physical Commonsense Reasoning in Italian and English: A Submission to the MRL 2025 Shared Taskcited by 0
- 2026SAGE: Scalable Automated Robustness Augmentation for LLM Knowledge Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026SAGE: Scalable Automated Robustness Augmentation for LLM Knowledge Evaluation12 May 2026
- 2026Seeing Is Believing? A Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models on Visual Illusions and Anomalies2 Feb 2026
- 2026ORCH: many analyses, one merge-a deterministic multi-agent orchestrator for discrete-choice reasoning with EMA-guided routing2 Feb 2026
- 2025Culturally Grounded Physical Commonsense Reasoning in Italian and English: A Submission to the MRL 2025 Shared Task26 Oct 2025
- 2025AgentCoMa: A Compositional Benchmark Mixing Commonsense and Mathematical Reasoning in Real-World Scenarios27 Aug 2025
- 2025Teaching LLM to Reason: Reinforcement Learning from Algorithmic Problems without Code10 Jul 2025
- 2025MMLU-ProX: A Multilingual Benchmark for Advanced Large Language Model Evaluation13 Mar 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2025ReTraceQA: Evaluating Reasoning Traces of Small Language Models in Commonsense Question Answering
- 2024CLR-Bench: Evaluating Large Language Models in College-level Reasoning
- 2025Who Benchmarks the Benchmarks? Towards Comprehensive Evaluation of Commonsense Reasoning Benchmarks
- 2024ACCORD: Closing the Commonsense Measurability Gap
- 2026BrainBench: Exposing the Commonsense Reasoning Gap in Large Language Models