mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

SC-Pro: Training-Free Framework for Defending Unsafe Image Synthesis Attack

arXiv 2501.05359 ↗First posted 9 Jan 2025cs.CVcited by 1

On the map: Diffusion models → Robustness, privacy and adversarial aspects

Abstract (arXiv)

With advances in diffusion models, image generation has shown significant performance improvements. This raises concerns about the potential abuse of image generation, such as the creation of explicit or violent images, commonly referred to as Not Safe For Work (NSFW) content. To address this, the Stable Diffusion model includes several safety checkers to censor initial text prompts and final output images generated from the model. However, recent research has shown that these safety checkers have vulnerabilities against adversarial attacks, allowing them to generate NSFW images. In this paper, we find that these adversarial attacks are not robust to small changes in text prompts or input latents. Based on this, we propose SC-Pro (Spherical or Circular Probing), a training-free framework that easily defends against adversarial attacks generating NSFW images. Moreover, we develop an approach that utilizes one-step diffusion models for efficient NSFW detection (SC-Pro-o), further reducing computational resources. We demonstrate the superiority of our method in terms of performance and applicability.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Robustness, privacy and adversarial aspects, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 31 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Jan 2025.

Builds on

31 of 34 references.

Closest ancestors · 7

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023MMA-Diffusion: MultiModal Attack on Diffusion Models29 Nov
  2. 2023To Generate or Not? Safety-Driven Unlearned Diffusion Models Are Still Easy To Generate Unsafe Images ... For Now18 Oct
  3. 2023Evaluating the Robustness of Text-to-image Diffusion Models against Real-world Attacks16 Jun
  4. 2023Unsafe Diffusion: On the Generation of Unsafe Images and Hateful Memes From Text-To-Image Models23 May
  5. 2023SneakyPrompt: Jailbreaking Text-to-image Generative Models20 May
  6. 2023Forget-Me-Not: Learning to Forget in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models30 Mar
  7. 2023Erasing Concepts from Diffusion Models13 Mar

Other references · 24

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
  4. 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,324
  5. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,585
  6. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
  7. 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,356
  8. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,614
  9. 2019Theoretically Principled Trade-off between Robustness and Accuracycited by 1,517
  10. 2022RePaint: Inpainting using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 1,430
  11. 2023One-step Diffusion with Distribution Matching Distillationcited by 1,019
  12. 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Imagescited by 927
12 more
  1. 2018Robustness May Be at Odds with Accuracycited by 880
  2. 2024Improved Distribution Matching Distillation for Fast Image Synthesiscited by 684
  3. 2023BLIP-Diffusion: Pre-trained Subject Representation for Controllable Text-to-Image Generation and Editingcited by 442
  4. 2023InstaFlow: One Step is Enough for High-Quality Diffusion-Based Text-to-Image Generationcited by 395
  5. 2022Can Machines Help Us Answering Question 16 in Datasheets, and In Turn Reflecting on Inappropriate Content?cited by 155
  6. 2023SwiftBrush: One-Step Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Variational Score Distillationcited by 110
  7. 2024λ-ECLIPSE: Multi-Concept Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models by Leveraging CLIP Latent Spacecited by 51
  8. 2023Smooth Diffusion: Crafting Smooth Latent Spaces in Diffusion Modelscited by 49
  9. 2024Isometric Representation Learning for Disentangled Latent Space of Diffusion Modelscited by 22
  10. 2024PeerAiD: Improving Adversarial Distillation from a Specialized Peer Tutorcited by 7
  11. 2022Similarity of Neural Architectures using Adversarial Attack Transferabilitycited by 4
  12. 2024Model Mimic Attack: Knowledge Distillation for Provably Transferable Adversarial Examplescited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Safe Image Generation via Reinforcement Learning
  2. 2024AdvI2I: Adversarial Image Attack on Image-to-Image Diffusion models
  3. 2026Disciplined Diffusion: Text-to-Image Diffusion Model against NSFW Generation
  4. 2025Towards Safe Synthetic Image Generation On the Web: A Multimodal Robust NSFW Defense and Million Scale Dataset
  5. 2025Seeing It Before It Happens: In-Generation NSFW Detection for Diffusion-Based Text-to-Image Models
  6. 2025TokenProber: Jailbreaking Text-to-image Models via Fine-grained Word Impact Analysis
  7. 2026Test-Time Scaling for Safe Text-Guided Image Generation via Intermediate Clean Estimates
  8. 2026FlowGuard: Towards Lightweight In-Generation Safety Detection for Diffusion Models via Linear Latent Decoding