mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Zero-shot Hazard Identification in Autonomous Driving: A Case Study on the COOOL Benchmark

arXiv 2412.19944 ↗First posted 27 Dec 2024cs.CVcited by 2

On the map: End-to-end autonomous driving → VLMs for autonomous driving

Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents our submission to the COOOL competition, a novel benchmark for detecting and classifying out-of-label hazards in autonomous driving. Our approach integrates diverse methods across three core tasks: (i) driver reaction detection, (ii) hazard object identification, and (iii) hazard captioning. We propose kernel-based change point detection on bounding boxes and optical flow dynamics for driver reaction detection to analyze motion patterns. For hazard identification, we combined a naive proximity-based strategy with object classification using a pre-trained ViT model. At last, for hazard captioning, we used the MOLMO vision-language model with tailored prompts to generate precise and context-aware descriptions of rare and low-resolution hazards. The proposed pipeline outperformed the baseline methods by a large margin, reducing the relative error by 33%, and scored 2nd on the final leaderboard consisting of 32 teams.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in VLMs for autonomous driving, one of 9 directions in End-to-end autonomous driving. Builds on 20 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Dec 2024.

Builds on

20 of 34 references.

References · 20

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
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  12. 2017A Review on Deep Learning Techniques Applied to Semantic Segmentationcited by 122
8 more
  1. 2023Recent Advancements in End-to-End Autonomous Driving using Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 101
  2. 2015The Extreme Value Machinecited by 78
  3. 2024PixOOD: Pixel-Level Out-of-Distribution Detectioncited by 20
  4. 2022Deep Learning Serves Traffic Safety Analysis: A Forward-looking Reviewcited by 13
  5. 2023Large Car-following Data Based on Lyft level-5 Open Dataset: Following Autonomous Vehicles vs. Human-driven Vehiclescited by 8
  6. 2024COOOL: Challenge Of Out-Of-Label A Novel Benchmark for Autonomous Drivingcited by 8
  7. 2024Evaluation of Out-of-Distribution Detection Performance on Autonomous Driving Datasetscited by 5
  8. 2023Image Captioners Sometimes Tell More Than Images They Seecited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Addressing Out-of-Label Hazard Detection in Dashcam Videos: Insights from the COOOL Challenge
  2. 2025Towards a Multi-Agent Vision-Language System for Zero-Shot Novel Hazardous Object Detection for Autonomous Driving Safety
  3. 2025INSIGHT: Enhancing Autonomous Driving Safety through Vision-Language Models on Context-Aware Hazard Detection and Edge Case Evaluation
  4. 2025Hierarchical Reasoning with Vision-Language Models for Incident Reports from Dashcam Videos
  5. 2025DRAMA-X: A Fine-grained Intent Prediction and Risk Reasoning Benchmark For Driving
  6. 2026Localized Conformal Safety Monitoring with Vision-Language Models for Autonomous Driving
  7. 2026Vision and Language: Novel Representations and Artificial intelligence for Driving Scene Safety Assessment and Autonomous Vehicle Planning
  8. 2025Evaluation of Safety Cognition Capability in Vision-Language Models for Autonomous Driving