LMAgent: A Large-scale Multimodal Agents Society for Multi-user Simulation
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks
Abstract (arXiv)
The believable simulation of multi-user behavior is crucial for understanding complex social systems. Recently, large language models (LLMs)-based AI agents have made significant progress, enabling them to achieve human-like intelligence across various tasks. However, real human societies are often dynamic and complex, involving numerous individuals engaging in multimodal interactions. In this paper, taking e-commerce scenarios as an example, we present LMAgent, a very large-scale and multimodal agents society based on multimodal LLMs. In LMAgent, besides freely chatting with friends, the agents can autonomously browse, purchase, and review products, even perform live streaming e-commerce. To simulate this complex system, we introduce a self-consistency prompting mechanism to augment agents' multimodal capabilities, resulting in significantly improved decision-making performance over the existing multi-agent system. Moreover, we propose a fast memory mechanism combined with the small-world model to enhance system efficiency, which supports more than 10,000 agent simulations in a society. Experiments on agents' behavior show that these agents achieve comparable performance to humans in behavioral indicators. Furthermore, compared with the existing LLMs-based multi-agent system, more different and valuable phenomena are exhibited, such as herd behavior, which demonstrates the potential of LMAgent in credible large-scale social behavior simulations.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 21 of its 59 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Dec 2024.
Builds on
21 of 59 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2023SOTOPIA: Interactive Evaluation for Social Intelligence in Language Agents18 Oct
- 2023AgentVerse: Facilitating Multi-Agent Collaboration and Exploring Emergent Behaviors21 Aug
- 2023MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework1 Aug
Other references · 18
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
- 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Toolscited by 4,072
- 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,500
- 2013Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3,211
- 2023ChatDev: Communicative Agents for Software Developmentcited by 893
- 2023Simulating Opinion Dynamics with Networks of LLM-based Agentscited by 153
- 2023War and Peace (WarAgent): Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Simulation of World Warscited by 143
- 2023MindAgent: Emergent Gaming Interactioncited by 87
- 2024Unveiling the Truth and Facilitating Change: Towards Agent-based Large-scale Social Movement Simulationcited by 69
- 2024From Skepticism to Acceptance: Simulating the Attitude Dynamics Toward Fake Newscited by 51
6 more
- 2019AlphaStar: An Evolutionary Computation Perspectivecited by 50
- 2024MineLand: Simulating Large-Scale Multi-Agent Interactions with Limited Multimodal Senses and Physical Needscited by 16
- 2015Learning of Behavior Trees for Autonomous Agentscited by 14
- 2021Local Patch AutoAugment with Multi-Agent Collaborationcited by 8
- 2021User-Guided Personalized Image Aesthetic Assessment based on Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 7
- 2023Collaborative Multi-Agent Video Fast-Forwardingcited by 4
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 8; 2026: 6.
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- 2025Do Large Language Models Solve the Problems of Agent-Based Modeling? A Critical Review of Generative Social Simulationscited by 28
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- 2026Sculpting the Vector Space: Towards Efficient Multi-Vector Visual Document Retrieval via Prune-then-Merge Framework23 Feb 2026
- 2026SimGym: Traffic-Grounded Browser Agents for Offline A/B Testing in E-Commerce1 Feb 2026
- 2025The PIMMUR Principles: Ensuring Validity in Collective Behavior of LLM Societies22 Sep 2025
- 2025Batch Query Processing and Optimization for Agentic Workflows2 Sep 2025
- 2025DynamiX: Large-Scale Dynamic Social Network Simulator26 Jul 2025
- 2025Modeling Earth-Scale Human-Like Societies with One Billion Agents7 Jun 2025
- 2025Enhancing Federated Class-Incremental Learning via Spatial-Temporal Statistics Aggregation2 Jun 2025
- 2025Do Large Language Models Solve the Problems of Agent-Based Modeling? A Critical Review of Generative Social Simulations4 Apr 2025
- 2025Advances and Challenges in Foundation Agents: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Evolutionary, Collaborative, and Safe Systemscited by 125
- 2025Do Large Language Models Solve the Problems of Agent-Based Modeling? A Critical Review of Generative Social Simulationscited by 28
- 2026PolicySim: An LLM-Based Agent Social Simulation Sandbox for Proactive Policy Optimizationcited by 10
- 2025The Power of Personality: A Human Simulation Perspective to Investigate Large Language Model Agentscited by 8
- 2025Modeling Earth-Scale Human-Like Societies with One Billion Agentscited by 8
- 2026SimGym: Traffic-Grounded Browser Agents for Offline A/B Testing in E-Commercecited by 4
- 2026SimGym: A Framework for A/B Test Simulation in E-Commerce with Traffic-Grounded VLM Agentscited by 1
- 2026CyberJurors: A Multi-Agent Simulation Task for E-Commerce Disputes Verdictcited by 1
- 2026CyberJurors: A Multi-Agent Simulation Task for E-Commerce Disputes Verdict27 May 2026
- 2026SimGym: A Framework for A/B Test Simulation in E-Commerce with Traffic-Grounded VLM Agents19 May 2026
- 2026PolicySim: An LLM-Based Agent Social Simulation Sandbox for Proactive Policy Optimization20 Mar 2026
- 2026SimGym: Traffic-Grounded Browser Agents for Offline A/B Testing in E-Commerce1 Feb 2026
- 2025Modeling Earth-Scale Human-Like Societies with One Billion Agents7 Jun 2025
- 2025Do Large Language Models Solve the Problems of Agent-Based Modeling? A Critical Review of Generative Social Simulations4 Apr 2025
- 2025Advances and Challenges in Foundation Agents: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Evolutionary, Collaborative, and Safe Systems31 Mar 2025
- 2025The Power of Personality: A Human Simulation Perspective to Investigate Large Language Model Agents28 Feb 2025
- 2025The PIMMUR Principles: Ensuring Validity in Collective Behavior of LLM Societiescited by 12
- 2026Sculpting the Vector Space: Towards Efficient Multi-Vector Visual Document Retrieval via Prune-then-Merge Frameworkcited by 8
- 2025DynamiX: Large-Scale Dynamic Social Network Simulatorcited by 2
- 2025Enhancing Federated Class-Incremental Learning via Spatial-Temporal Statistics Aggregationcited by 1
- 2026Sculpting the Vector Space: Towards Efficient Multi-Vector Visual Document Retrieval via Prune-then-Merge Framework23 Feb 2026
- 2025The PIMMUR Principles: Ensuring Validity in Collective Behavior of LLM Societies22 Sep 2025
- 2025DynamiX: Large-Scale Dynamic Social Network Simulator26 Jul 2025
- 2025Enhancing Federated Class-Incremental Learning via Spatial-Temporal Statistics Aggregation2 Jun 2025
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