mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

XQ-GAN: An Open-source Image Tokenization Framework for Autoregressive Generation

arXiv 2412.01762 ↗First posted 2 Dec 2024cs.CVcited by 12

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Abstract (arXiv)

Image tokenizers play a critical role in shaping the performance of subsequent generative models. Since the introduction of VQ-GAN, discrete image tokenization has undergone remarkable advancements. Improvements in architecture, quantization techniques, and training recipes have significantly enhanced both image reconstruction and the downstream generation quality. In this paper, we present XQ-GAN, an image tokenization framework designed for both image reconstruction and generation tasks. Our framework integrates state-of-the-art quantization techniques, including vector quantization (VQ), residual quantization (RQ), multi-scale residual quantization (MSVQ), product quantization (PQ), lookup-free quantization (LFQ), and binary spherical quantization (BSQ), within a highly flexible and customizable training environment. On the standard ImageNet 256x256 benchmark, our released model achieves an rFID of 0.64, significantly surpassing MAGVIT-v2 (0.9 rFID) and VAR (0.9 rFID). Furthermore, we demonstrate that using XQ-GAN as a tokenizer improves gFID metrics alongside rFID. For instance, with the same VAR architecture, XQ-GAN+VAR achieves a gFID of 2.6, outperforming VAR's 3.3 gFID by a notable margin. To support further research, we provide pre-trained weights of different image tokenizers for the community to directly train the subsequent generative models on it or fine-tune for specialized tasks.

Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 63 of its 77 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Dec 2024.

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63 of 77 references.

References · 63

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38 more
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50 most cited of 63 All 63 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 10; 2026: 2.

12 papers.

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  1. 2025Vision Foundation Models as Effective Visual Tokenizers for Autoregressive Image Generation
  2. 2025Bridging Continuous and Discrete Tokens for Autoregressive Visual Generation
  3. 2026LGQ: Learnable Geometric Quantization for Image Tokenization
  4. 2024Scalable Image Tokenization with Index Backpropagation Quantization
  5. 2024Image Understanding Makes for A Good Tokenizer for Image Generation
  6. 2026Channel-wise Vector Quantization
  7. 2023Efficient-VQGAN: Towards High-Resolution Image Generation with Efficient Vision Transformers
  8. 2026GEAR: Guided End-to-End AutoRegression for Image Synthesis