XQ-GAN: An Open-source Image Tokenization Framework for Autoregressive Generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Image tokenizers play a critical role in shaping the performance of subsequent generative models. Since the introduction of VQ-GAN, discrete image tokenization has undergone remarkable advancements. Improvements in architecture, quantization techniques, and training recipes have significantly enhanced both image reconstruction and the downstream generation quality. In this paper, we present XQ-GAN, an image tokenization framework designed for both image reconstruction and generation tasks. Our framework integrates state-of-the-art quantization techniques, including vector quantization (VQ), residual quantization (RQ), multi-scale residual quantization (MSVQ), product quantization (PQ), lookup-free quantization (LFQ), and binary spherical quantization (BSQ), within a highly flexible and customizable training environment. On the standard ImageNet 256x256 benchmark, our released model achieves an rFID of 0.64, significantly surpassing MAGVIT-v2 (0.9 rFID) and VAR (0.9 rFID). Furthermore, we demonstrate that using XQ-GAN as a tokenizer improves gFID metrics alongside rFID. For instance, with the same VAR architecture, XQ-GAN+VAR achieves a gFID of 2.6, outperforming VAR's 3.3 gFID by a notable margin. To support further research, we provide pre-trained weights of different image tokenizers for the community to directly train the subsequent generative models on it or fine-tune for specialized tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 63 of its 77 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Dec 2024.
Builds on
63 of 77 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 10; 2026: 2.
12 papers.
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- 2026Distributional Matching for Vector Quantization: A Unified Theoretical and Empirical Framework17 Jul 2026
- 2026Fixed-Point Masked Generative Modeling29 May 2026
- 2025Group-Wise Optimization for Self-Extensible Codebooks in Vector Quantized Models15 Oct 2025
- 2025UniFlow: A Unified Pixel Flow Tokenizer for Visual Understanding and Generation12 Oct 2025
- 2025AToken: A Unified Tokenizer for Vision17 Sep 2025
- 2025Image Tokenizer Needs Post-Training15 Sep 2025
- 2025Enhancing Vector Quantization with Distributional Matching: A Theoretical and Empirical Study18 Jun 2025
- 2025Aligning Latent Spaces with Flow Priors5 Jun 2025
- 2025High-Fidelity Functional Ultrasound Reconstruction via A Visual Auto-Regressive Framework23 May 2025
- 2025Robust Latent Matters: Boosting Image Generation with Sampling Error Synthesis11 Mar 2025
- 2025NFIG: Multi-Scale Autoregressive Image Generation via Frequency Ordering10 Mar 2025
- 2025Masked Autoencoders Are Effective Tokenizers for Diffusion Models5 Feb 2025
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