PLD+: Accelerating LLM inference by leveraging Language Model Artifacts
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → Speculative decoding
Abstract (arXiv)
To reduce the latency associated with autoretrogressive LLM inference, speculative decoding has emerged as a novel decoding paradigm, where future tokens are drafted and verified in parallel. However, the practical deployment of speculative decoding is hindered by its requirements for additional computational resources and fine-tuning, which limits its out-of-the-box usability. To address these challenges, we present PLD+, a suite of novel algorithms developed to accelerate the inference process of LLMs, particularly for input-guided tasks. These tasks, which include code editing, text editing, summarization, etc., often feature outputs with substantial overlap with their inputs-an attribute PLD+ is designed to exploit. PLD+ also leverages the artifacts (attention and hidden states) generated during inference to accelerate inference speed. We test our approach on five input-guided tasks and through extensive experiments we find that PLD+ outperforms all tuning-free approaches. In the greedy setting, it even outperforms the state-of-the-art tuning-dependent approach EAGLE on four of the tasks. (by a margin of upto 2.31 in terms of avg. speedup). Our approach is tuning free, does not require any additional compute and can easily be used for accelerating inference of any LLM.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Speculative decoding, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 17 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Dec 2024.
Builds on
17 of 35 references.
Closest ancestors · 7
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Break the Sequential Dependency of LLM Inference Using Lookahead Decoding3 Feb
- 2024EAGLE: Speculative Sampling Requires Rethinking Feature Uncertainty26 Jan
- 2024Medusa: Simple LLM Inference Acceleration Framework with Multiple Decoding Heads19 Jan
- 2024Unlocking Efficiency in Large Language Model Inference: A Comprehensive Survey of Speculative Decoding15 Jan
- 2023Accelerating Transformer Inference for Translation via Parallel Decoding17 May
- 2023Accelerating Large Language Model Decoding with Speculative Sampling2 Feb
- 2022Fast Inference from Transformers via Speculative Decoding30 Nov
Other references · 10
- 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,393
- 2022In-context Learning and Induction Headscited by 930
- 2016Abstractive Text Summarization Using Sequence-to-Sequence RNNs and Beyondcited by 809
- 2018Blockwise Parallel Decoding for Deep Autoregressive Modelscited by 318
- 2023A Survey of Large Language Models Attributioncited by 71
- 2022Rethinking the Role of Scale for In-Context Learning: An Interpretability-based Case Study at 66 Billion Scalecited by 64
- 2023Predictive Pipelined Decoding: A Compute-Latency Trade-off for Exact LLM Decodingcited by 40
- 2024Peering into the Mind of Language Models: An Approach for Attribution in Contextual Question Answeringcited by 25
- 2023SEMQA: Semi-Extractive Multi-Source Question Answeringcited by 19
- 2023XATU: A Fine-grained Instruction-based Benchmark for Explainable Text Updatescited by 6
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 10.
16 papers.
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- 2026d3LLM: Ultra-Fast Diffusion LLM using Pseudo-Trajectory Distillationcited by 34
- 2025PARD: Accelerating LLM Inference with Low-Cost PARallel Draft Model Adaptationcited by 28
- 2025Speculative Decoding: Performance or Illusion?cited by 13
- 2026JetSpec: Breaking the Scaling Ceiling of Speculative Decoding with Parallel Tree Draftingcited by 12
- 2025Fast and Accurate Causal Parallel Decoding using Jacobi Forcingcited by 11
- 2025CopySpec: Accelerating LLMs with Speculative Copy-and-Paste Without Compromising Qualitycited by 6
- 2026MARS: Unleashing the Power of Speculative Decoding via Margin-Aware Verificationcited by 5
- 2025Accelerating Mobile Language Model via Speculative Decoding and NPU-Coordinated Executioncited by 4
- 2025Accelerated Test-Time Scaling with Model-Free Speculative Samplingcited by 3
- 2026Goose: Anisotropic Speculation Trees for Training-Free Speculative Decodingcited by 2
- 2026Trees from Marginals: Autoregressive drafting with factorized priorscited by 2
- 2026Quasar: Quantized Self-Speculative Acceleration for Rapid Inference via Memory-Efficient Verificationcited by 1
4 more
- 2026SENSE: Semantic Embedding Navigation with Soft-gated Evaluation for Retrieval-based Speculative Decodingcited by 1
- 2026AdaPLD: Adaptive Retrieval and Reuse for Efficient Model-Free Speculative Decodingcited by 1
- 2026Fully Rotation-Equivariant Spectral-Spatial Learning for Multispectral Object Detectioncited by 0
- 2026Trajectory-Retrieval Speculative Decoding: When Does a Model's Own History Help?cited by 0
- 2026Trajectory-Retrieval Speculative Decoding: When Does a Model's Own History Help?5 Oct 2026
- 2026Trees from Marginals: Autoregressive drafting with factorized priors7 Jul 2026
- 2026Fully Rotation-Equivariant Spectral-Spatial Learning for Multispectral Object Detection6 Jul 2026
- 2026JetSpec: Breaking the Scaling Ceiling of Speculative Decoding with Parallel Tree Drafting16 Jun 2026
- 2026AdaPLD: Adaptive Retrieval and Reuse for Efficient Model-Free Speculative Decoding4 Jun 2026
- 2026SENSE: Semantic Embedding Navigation with Soft-gated Evaluation for Retrieval-based Speculative Decoding14 Apr 2026
- 2026Goose: Anisotropic Speculation Trees for Training-Free Speculative Decoding2 Apr 2026
- 2026Quasar: Quantized Self-Speculative Acceleration for Rapid Inference via Memory-Efficient Verification2 Mar 2026
- 2026MARS: Unleashing the Power of Speculative Decoding via Margin-Aware Verification21 Jan 2026
- 2026d3LLM: Ultra-Fast Diffusion LLM using Pseudo-Trajectory Distillation12 Jan 2026
- 2025Speculative Decoding: Performance or Illusion?31 Dec 2025
- 2025Fast and Accurate Causal Parallel Decoding using Jacobi Forcing16 Dec 2025
4 more
- 2025Accelerating Mobile Language Model via Speculative Decoding and NPU-Coordinated Execution17 Oct 2025
- 2025Accelerated Test-Time Scaling with Model-Free Speculative Sampling5 Jun 2025
- 2025PARD: Accelerating LLM Inference with Low-Cost PARallel Draft Model Adaptation23 Apr 2025
- 2025CopySpec: Accelerating LLMs with Speculative Copy-and-Paste Without Compromising Quality13 Feb 2025
- 2026d3LLM: Ultra-Fast Diffusion LLM using Pseudo-Trajectory Distillationcited by 34
- 2025PARD: Accelerating LLM Inference with Low-Cost PARallel Draft Model Adaptationcited by 28
- 2025Speculative Decoding: Performance or Illusion?cited by 13
- 2026JetSpec: Breaking the Scaling Ceiling of Speculative Decoding with Parallel Tree Draftingcited by 12
- 2025Fast and Accurate Causal Parallel Decoding using Jacobi Forcingcited by 11
- 2025CopySpec: Accelerating LLMs with Speculative Copy-and-Paste Without Compromising Qualitycited by 6
- 2026MARS: Unleashing the Power of Speculative Decoding via Margin-Aware Verificationcited by 5
- 2026Goose: Anisotropic Speculation Trees for Training-Free Speculative Decodingcited by 2
- 2026Trees from Marginals: Autoregressive drafting with factorized priorscited by 2
- 2026Quasar: Quantized Self-Speculative Acceleration for Rapid Inference via Memory-Efficient Verificationcited by 1
- 2026SENSE: Semantic Embedding Navigation with Soft-gated Evaluation for Retrieval-based Speculative Decodingcited by 1
- 2026AdaPLD: Adaptive Retrieval and Reuse for Efficient Model-Free Speculative Decodingcited by 1
- 2026Trees from Marginals: Autoregressive drafting with factorized priors7 Jul 2026
- 2026JetSpec: Breaking the Scaling Ceiling of Speculative Decoding with Parallel Tree Drafting16 Jun 2026
- 2026AdaPLD: Adaptive Retrieval and Reuse for Efficient Model-Free Speculative Decoding4 Jun 2026
- 2026SENSE: Semantic Embedding Navigation with Soft-gated Evaluation for Retrieval-based Speculative Decoding14 Apr 2026
- 2026Goose: Anisotropic Speculation Trees for Training-Free Speculative Decoding2 Apr 2026
- 2026Quasar: Quantized Self-Speculative Acceleration for Rapid Inference via Memory-Efficient Verification2 Mar 2026
- 2026MARS: Unleashing the Power of Speculative Decoding via Margin-Aware Verification21 Jan 2026
- 2026d3LLM: Ultra-Fast Diffusion LLM using Pseudo-Trajectory Distillation12 Jan 2026
- 2025Speculative Decoding: Performance or Illusion?31 Dec 2025
- 2025Fast and Accurate Causal Parallel Decoding using Jacobi Forcing16 Dec 2025
- 2025PARD: Accelerating LLM Inference with Low-Cost PARallel Draft Model Adaptation23 Apr 2025
- 2025CopySpec: Accelerating LLMs with Speculative Copy-and-Paste Without Compromising Quality13 Feb 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Tutorial Proposal: Speculative Decoding for Efficient LLM Inference
- 2026Faster LLM Inference via Sequential Monte Carlo
- 2024SWIFT: On-the-Fly Self-Speculative Decoding for LLM Inference Acceleration
- 2023Accelerating LLM Inference with Staged Speculative Decoding
- 2024Closer Look at Efficient Inference Methods: A Survey of Speculative Decoding
- 2025FastMTP: Accelerating LLM Inference with Enhanced Multi-Token Prediction
- 2024Speculative Streaming: Fast LLM Inference without Auxiliary Models
- 2025Scaling Up, Speeding Up: A Benchmark of Speculative Decoding for Efficient LLM Test-Time Scaling