Imagine-2-Drive: Leveraging High-Fidelity World Models via Multi-Modal Diffusion Policies
On the map: World models → World models for autonomous driving
also in 2 more
Abstract (arXiv)
World Model-based Reinforcement Learning (WMRL) enables sample efficient policy learning by reducing the need for online interactions which can potentially be costly and unsafe, especially for autonomous driving. However, existing world models often suffer from low prediction fidelity and compounding one-step errors, leading to policy degradation over long horizons. Additionally, traditional RL policies, often deterministic or single Gaussian-based, fail to capture the multi-modal nature of decision-making in complex driving scenarios. To address these challenges, we propose Imagine-2-Drive, a novel WMRL framework that integrates a high-fidelity world model with a multi-modal diffusion-based policy actor. It consists of two key components: DiffDreamer, a diffusion-based world model that generates future observations simultaneously, mitigating error accumulation, and DPA (Diffusion Policy Actor), a diffusion-based policy that models diverse and multi-modal trajectory distributions. By training DPA within DiffDreamer, our method enables robust policy learning with minimal online interactions. We evaluate our method in CARLA using standard driving benchmarks and demonstrate that it outperforms prior world model baselines, improving Route Completion and Success Rate by 15% and 20% respectively.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for autonomous driving, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 30 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Nov 2024.
Builds on
30 of 36 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2024Vista: A Generalizable Driving World Model with High Fidelity and Versatile Controllability27 May
- 2024Think2Drive: Efficient Reinforcement Learning by Thinking in Latent World Model for Quasi-Realistic Autonomous Driving (in CARLA-v2)26 Feb
- 2023GAIA-1: A Generative World Model for Autonomous Driving29 Sep
- 2023DriveDreamer: Towards Real-world-driven World Models for Autonomous Driving18 Sep
- 2023MotionDiffuser: Controllable Multi-Agent Motion Prediction using Diffusion5 Jun
Other references · 25
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,592
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,718
- 2013Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3,221
- 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusioncited by 2,760
- 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasetscited by 2,550
- 2019Dream to Control: Learning Behaviors by Latent Imaginationcited by 1,620
- 2020D4RL: Datasets for Deep Data-Driven Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,415
- 2018Learning Latent Dynamics for Planning from Pixelscited by 1,241
- 2023Mastering Diverse Domains through World Modelscited by 1,224
- 2022Planning with Diffusion for Flexible Behavior Synthesiscited by 1,035
- 2020Mastering Atari with Discrete World Modelscited by 996
- 2023Training Diffusion Models with Reinforcement Learningcited by 955
13 more
- 2023Directly Fine-Tuning Diffusion Models on Differentiable Rewardscited by 440
- 2023Imitating Human Behaviour with Diffusion Modelscited by 261
- 2024Diffusion Policy Policy Optimizationcited by 260
- 2023MagicDrive: Street View Generation with Diverse 3D Geometry Controlcited by 252
- 2023NoMaD: Goal Masked Diffusion Policies for Navigation and Explorationcited by 236
- 2023Goal-Conditioned Imitation Learning using Score-based Diffusion Policiescited by 230
- 2023ViNT: A Foundation Model for Visual Navigationcited by 211
- 2021DriveGAN: Towards a Controllable High-Quality Neural Simulationcited by 125
- 2022Iso-Dream: Isolating and Leveraging Noncontrollable Visual Dynamics in World Modelscited by 53
- 2023EDMP: Ensemble-of-costs-guided Diffusion for Motion Planningcited by 49
- 2024Diffusion-ES: Gradient-free Planning with Diffusion for Autonomous Driving and Zero-Shot Instruction Followingcited by 42
- 2024JUICER: Data-Efficient Imitation Learning for Robotic Assemblycited by 36
- 2024DDM-Lag : A Diffusion-based Decision-making Model for Autonomous Vehicles with Lagrangian Safety Enhancementcited by 11
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
4 papers.
- 2025Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving: Past, Present, and Futurecited by 32
- 2025InDRiVE: Reward-Free World-Model Pretraining for Autonomous Driving via Latent Disagreementcited by 1
- 2025CoIRL-AD: Collaborative-Competitive Imitation-Reinforcement Learning in Latent World Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Artificial Intelligence for Modeling and Simulation of Mixed Automated and Human Trafficcited by 0
- 2026Artificial Intelligence for Modeling and Simulation of Mixed Automated and Human Traffic14 Apr 2026
- 2025InDRiVE: Reward-Free World-Model Pretraining for Autonomous Driving via Latent Disagreement21 Dec 2025
- 2025Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving: Past, Present, and Future18 Dec 2025
- 2025CoIRL-AD: Collaborative-Competitive Imitation-Reinforcement Learning in Latent World Models for Autonomous Driving14 Oct 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023World Models via Policy-Guided Trajectory Diffusion
- 2021Learning to drive from a world on rails
- 2025DiffusionDriveV2: Reinforcement Learning-Constrained Truncated Diffusion Modeling in End-to-End Autonomous Driving
- 2026Scaling World-Model Reinforcement Learning Through Diffusion Policy Optimization
- 2025A Survey of World Models for Autonomous Driving
- 2025AdaWM: Adaptive World Model based Planning for Autonomous Driving
- 2025Discrete Diffusion for Reflective Vision-Language-Action Models in Autonomous Driving
- 2026DreamerAD: Efficient Reinforcement Learning via Latent World Model for Autonomous Driving