mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Large Wireless Model (LWM): A Foundation Model for Wireless Channels

arXiv 2411.08872 ↗First posted 13 Nov 2024cs.IT eess.SP math.ITcited by 39

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Abstract (arXiv)

This paper presents Large Wireless Model (LWM) -- the world's first foundation model for wireless channels. Designed as a task-agnostic model, LWM generates universal, rich, contextualized channel embeddings (features) that potentially enhance performance across a wide range of downstream tasks in wireless communication and sensing systems. Towards this objective, LWM, which has a transformer-based architecture, was pre-trained in a self-supervised manner on large-scale wireless channel datasets. Our results show consistent improvements in downstream tasks when using the LWM embeddings compared to raw channel representations, especially in scenarios with high-complexity machine learning tasks and limited training datasets. This LWM's ability to learn from large-scale wireless data opens a promising direction for intelligent systems that can efficiently adapt to diverse tasks with limited data, paving the way for addressing key challenges in wireless communication and sensing systems.

Key facts. Cited by 39 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Nov 2024.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 15; 2026: 24.

39 papers.

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  1. 2025WirelessGPT: A Generative Pre-trained Multi-task Learning Framework for Wireless Communicationcited by 39
  2. 2025A Multi-Task Foundation Model for Wireless Channel Representation Using Contrastive and Masked Autoencoder Learningcited by 15
  3. 2025A MIMO Wireless Channel Foundation Model via CIR-CSI Consistencycited by 10
  4. 2025Large Wireless Localization Model (LWLM): A Foundation Model for Positioning in 6G Networkscited by 10
  5. 2025LVM4CSI: Enabling Direct Application of Pre-Trained Large Vision Models for Wireless Channel Taskscited by 7
  6. 2025Large AI Models for Wireless Physical Layercited by 6
  7. 2025A Survey of Foundation Models for IoT: Taxonomy and Criteria-Based Analysiscited by 5
  8. 2026RF-GPT: Teaching AI to See the Wireless Worldcited by 5
  9. 2026LWM-Temporal: Sparse Spatio-Temporal Attention for Wireless Channel Representation Learningcited by 5
  10. 2025Multimodal Wireless Foundation Modelscited by 4
  11. 2025SplitFrozen: Split Learning with Device-side Model Frozen for Fine-Tuning LLM on Heterogeneous Resource-Constrained Devicescited by 3
  12. 2026Multi-Modal Data-Enhanced Foundation Models for Prediction and Control in Wireless Networks: A Surveycited by 3
27 more
  1. 2026HeterCSI: Channel-Adaptive Heterogeneous CSI Pretraining Framework for Generalized Wireless Foundation Modelscited by 3
  2. 2026A Multi-Modal Foundational Model for Wireless Communication and Sensingcited by 2
  3. 2026A Graph Foundation Model for Wireless Resource Allocationcited by 2
  4. 2026Adaptive 3D-RoPE: Physics-Aligned Rotary Positional Encoding for Wireless Foundation Modelscited by 2
  5. 2025Simplicity is Key: An Unsupervised Pretraining Approach for Sparse Radio Channelscited by 1
  6. 2025Generative AI Meets Wireless Sensing: Towards Wireless Foundation Modelcited by 1
  7. 2026Wireless Dataset Similarity: Measuring Distances in Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learningcited by 1
  8. 2026Map as a Prompt: Learning Multi-Modal Spatial-Signal Foundation Models for Cross-scenario Wireless Localizationcited by 1
  9. 2026Hierarchical Wireless Foundation Model for Multi-Task Optimizationcited by 1
  10. 2026CENTILE: A Telemetry Foundation Model Evaluated by the Decisions It Drivescited by 1
  11. 2025Empowering Large Language Models in Wireless Communication: A Novel Dataset and Fine-Tuning Frameworkcited by 0
  12. 2025Large AI Model-Enabled Secure Communications in Low-Altitude Wireless Networks: Concepts, Perspectives and Case Studycited by 0
  13. 2025Agentic Link Construction for Environment and Intent Aware 6G Communicationcited by 0
  14. 2025Scale What Counts, Mask What Matters: Evaluating Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Cross-Domain Wi-Fi Sensingcited by 0
  15. 2026A Wireless World Model for AI-Native 6G Networkscited by 0
  16. 2026Enwar 3.0: An Agentic Multi-Modal LLM Orchestrator for Situation-Aware Beamforming, Blockage Prediction, and Handover Managementcited by 0
  17. 2026RFPrompt: Prompt-Based Expert Adaptation of the Large Wireless Model for Modulation Classificationcited by 0
  18. 2026LWM-CDE: A Representation Space for Wireless Data Reasoning and Transferabilitycited by 0
  19. 2026Towards CSI-Native Foundation Models: A Channel-Adaptive Roadmap for 6Gcited by 0
  20. 2026WALoMA: A Multitask Wireless Foundation Model via Adaptive Low-Rank Masked Autoencoderscited by 0
  21. 2026MultiPathFormer: Towards a Foundation Model for Multipath Wireless Propagationcited by 0
  22. 2026From Passive Mirrors to Active Agents: Holonic Digital Twins for Physical AI over Networkscited by 0
  23. 2026A Comprehensive Survey of Wireless Foundation Models for AI-Native 6G Networkscited by 0
  24. 2026CM-MAE: A Physics-Guided Cross-Modal Self-Supervised Learning Framework for Vision-Wireless Applicationscited by 0
  25. 2026Learnware for CSI Feedback: Scene-specific Small Models Can Do Bigcited by 0
  26. 2026Wireless Foundation Models: State-of-the-Art and Open Challengescited by 0
  27. 2026From Semantic to Token Communication: The Next Paradigm for Large-Model-Driven 6G Intelligent Connectivitycited by 0