Improving Small-Scale Large Language Models Function Calling for Reasoning Tasks
On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation
also in 2 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. While these models excel in general complex reasoning tasks, they still face challenges in mathematical problem-solving and logical reasoning. To address these limitations, researchers have explored function calling abilities, allowing LLMs to execute provided functions and utilize their outputs for task completion. However, concentrating on specific tasks can be very inefficient for large-scale LLMs to be used, because of the expensive cost of training and inference stages they need in terms of computational resources. This study introduces a novel framework for training smaller language models in function calling, focusing on specific logical and mathematical reasoning tasks. The approach aims to improve performances of small-scale models for these tasks using function calling, ensuring a high level of accuracy. Our framework employs an agent that, given a problem and a set of callable functions, queries the LLM by injecting a description and examples of the usable functions into the prompt and managing their calls in a step-by-step reasoning chain. This process is used to create a dataset of correct and incorrect reasoning chain chat completions from a large-scale LLM. This dataset is used to train a smaller LLM using Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), specifically employing the Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) technique. Experimental results demonstrate how the proposed approach balances the trade-off between model size and performance, improving the ability of function calling for reasoning tasks, in smaller models.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 17 of its 58 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Oct 2024.
Builds on
17 of 58 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2023A Survey of Reasoning with Foundation Models17 Dec
- 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIs24 May
Other references · 15
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
- 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,076
- 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
- 2023Let's Verify Step by Stepcited by 3,598
- 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferencescited by 2,124
- 2023Siren's Song in the AI Ocean: A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Modelscited by 695
- 2023API-Bank: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Tool-Augmented LLMscited by 574
- 2022Reasoning with Language Model Prompting: A Surveycited by 251
- 2022TALM: Tool Augmented Language Modelscited by 197
- 2023LLM Lies: Hallucinations are not Bugs, but Features as Adversarial Examplescited by 177
3 more
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 5; 2026: 2.
7 papers.
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- 2025Tool Zero: Training Tool-Augmented LLMs via Pure RL from Scratchcited by 17
- 2025iTool: Reinforced Fine-Tuning with Dynamic Deficiency Calibration for Advanced Tool Usecited by 7
- 2026Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Modelscited by 2
- 2025MATE: LLM-Powered Multi-Agent Translation Environment for Accessibility Applicationscited by 1
- 2025Advancing SLM Tool-Use Capability using Reinforcement Learningcited by 1
- 2026EnterpriseLab: A Full-Stack Platform for developing and deploying agents in Enterprisescited by 1
- 2026Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models22 Apr 2026
- 2026EnterpriseLab: A Full-Stack Platform for developing and deploying agents in Enterprises23 Mar 2026
- 2025Tool Zero: Training Tool-Augmented LLMs via Pure RL from Scratch2 Nov 2025
- 2025Advancing SLM Tool-Use Capability using Reinforcement Learning3 Sep 2025
- 2025MATE: LLM-Powered Multi-Agent Translation Environment for Accessibility Applications24 Jun 2025
- 2025Distilling LLM Agent into Small Models with Retrieval and Code Tools23 May 2025
- 2025iTool: Reinforced Fine-Tuning with Dynamic Deficiency Calibration for Advanced Tool Use15 Jan 2025
Similar, not cited
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- 2025Do Large Language Models Excel in Complex Logical Reasoning with Formal Language?
- 2022Towards Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Survey
- 2025Advancing Reasoning in Large Language Models: Promising Methods and Approaches
- 2025Guiding Reasoning in Small Language Models with LLM Assistance
- 2025DeepDistill: Enhancing LLM Reasoning Capabilities via Large-Scale Difficulty-Graded Data Training
- 2024LLM Reasoning Engine: Specialized Training for Enhanced Mathematical Reasoning
- 2024Assessing the Emergent Symbolic Reasoning Abilities of Llama Large Language Models
- 2026Improving Mathematical Reasoning Capabilities in Large Language Models via Reasoning Process Error Classification