TopoDiffusionNet: A Topology-aware Diffusion Model
On the map: Diffusion models → Flow matching, time series and science
Abstract (arXiv)
Diffusion models excel at creating visually impressive images but often struggle to generate images with a specified topology. The Betti number, which represents the number of structures in an image, is a fundamental measure in topology. Yet, diffusion models fail to satisfy even this basic constraint. This limitation restricts their utility in applications requiring exact control, like robotics and environmental modeling. To address this, we propose TopoDiffusionNet (TDN), a novel approach that enforces diffusion models to maintain the desired topology. We leverage tools from topological data analysis, particularly persistent homology, to extract the topological structures within an image. We then design a topology-based objective function to guide the denoising process, preserving intended structures while suppressing noisy ones. Our experiments across four datasets demonstrate significant improvements in topological accuracy. TDN is the first to integrate topology with diffusion models, opening new avenues of research in this area. Code available at https://github.com/Saumya-Gupta-26/TopoDiffusionNet
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Flow matching, time series and science, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 57 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Oct 2024.
Builds on
57 of 79 references.
References · 57
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
- 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,396
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 9,122
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
- 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
38 more
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
- 2016Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networkscited by 4,527
- 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
- 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,101
- 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
- 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,614
- 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,300
- 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,351
- 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Imagescited by 927
- 2016COCO-Stuff: Thing and Stuff Classes in Contextcited by 864
- 2023GLIGEN: Open-Set Grounded Text-to-Image Generationcited by 781
- 2023Adversarial Diffusion Distillationcited by 759
- 2021DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulationcited by 642
- 2023MultiDiffusion: Fusing Diffusion Paths for Controlled Image Generationcited by 536
- 2023Uni-ControlNet: All-in-One Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 359
- 2023Training-Free Layout Control with Cross-Attention Guidancecited by 313
- 2023Composer: Creative and Controllable Image Synthesis with Composable Conditionscited by 304
- 2020clDice -- A Novel Topology-Preserving Loss Function for Tubular Structure Segmentationcited by 294
- 2023Efficient Diffusion Training via Min-SNR Weighting Strategycited by 246
- 2023UniControl: A Unified Diffusion Model for Controllable Visual Generation In the Wildcited by 200
- 2019Topology-Preserving Deep Image Segmentationcited by 198
- 2023Teaching CLIP to Count to Tencited by 198
- 2023Grounded Text-to-Image Synthesis with Attention Refocusingcited by 164
- 2022Pretraining is All You Need for Image-to-Image Translationcited by 160
- 2019A Topological Loss Function for Deep-Learning based Image Segmentation using Persistent Homologycited by 134
- 2017Deep Learning with Topological Signaturescited by 114
- 2019A Topology Layer for Machine Learningcited by 80
- 2021Topology-Aware Segmentation Using Discrete Morse Theorycited by 75
- 2020Localization in the Crowd with Topological Constraintscited by 68
- 2018A Topological Regularizer for Classifiers via Persistent Homologycited by 63
- 2018Geometry Score: A Method For Comparing Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 57
- 2022Topologically faithful image segmentation via induced matching of persistence barcodescited by 49
- 2023SceneGenie: Scene Graph Guided Diffusion Models for Image Synthesiscited by 41
- 2023Topology-Aware Uncertainty for Image Segmentationcited by 32
- 2019Explicit topological priors for deep-learning based image segmentation using persistent homologycited by 30
- 2022Learning Topological Interactions for Multi-Class Medical Image Segmentationcited by 28
- 2023MaskSketch: Unpaired Structure-guided Masked Image Generationcited by 27
- 2020Cubical Ripser: Software for computing persistent homology of image and volume datacited by 23
50 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 4; 2026: 4.
10 papers.
- 2024TopoCellGen: Generating Histopathology Cell Topology with a Diffusion Modelcited by 16
- 2025BrainMRDiff: A Diffusion Model for Anatomically Consistent Brain MRI Synthesiscited by 4
- 2024TPIE: Topology-Preserved Image Editing With Text Instructionscited by 3
- 2025Anatomy-DT: A Cross-Diffusion Digital Twin for Anatomical Evolutioncited by 0
- 2025A Dual-Mode ViT-Conditioned Diffusion Framework with an Adaptive Conditioning Bridge for Breast Cancer Segmentationcited by 0
- 2025Anatomica: Localized Control over Geometric and Topological Properties for Anatomical Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2026MacroGuide: Topological Guidance for Macrocycle Generationcited by 0
- 2026PFlow-T: A Persistence-Driven Forward Process for Topology-Controlled Generationcited by 0
- 2026Geodesic-informed Generative Diffusion Model For Topology-preserved Image Video Generationcited by 0
- 2026Sparse cubical complexes for efficient topology-preservation in image datacited by 0
- 2026Sparse cubical complexes for efficient topology-preservation in image data29 Sep 2026
- 2026Geodesic-informed Generative Diffusion Model For Topology-preserved Image Video Generation8 Sep 2026
- 2026PFlow-T: A Persistence-Driven Forward Process for Topology-Controlled Generation17 May 2026
- 2026MacroGuide: Topological Guidance for Macrocycle Generation16 Feb 2026
- 2025Anatomica: Localized Control over Geometric and Topological Properties for Anatomical Diffusion Models25 Nov 2025
- 2025A Dual-Mode ViT-Conditioned Diffusion Framework with an Adaptive Conditioning Bridge for Breast Cancer Segmentation8 Nov 2025
- 2025Anatomy-DT: A Cross-Diffusion Digital Twin for Anatomical Evolution29 Sep 2025
- 2025BrainMRDiff: A Diffusion Model for Anatomically Consistent Brain MRI Synthesis6 Apr 2025
- 2024TopoCellGen: Generating Histopathology Cell Topology with a Diffusion Model8 Dec 2024
- 2024TPIE: Topology-Preserved Image Editing With Text Instructions22 Nov 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025HOG-Diff: Higher-Order Guided Diffusion for Graph Generation
- 2025Topology Guidance: Controlling the Outputs of Generative Models via Vector Field Topology
- 2025TopoDiT-3D: Topology-Aware Diffusion Transformer with Bottleneck Structure for 3D Point Cloud Generation
- 2024Topology-Aware Latent Diffusion for 3D Shape Generation
- 2023Diffusion Models for Constrained Domains
- 2024Hyperbolic Geometric Latent Diffusion Model for Graph Generation
- 2025CoPHo: Classifier-guided Conditional Topology Generation with Persistent Homology
- 2026TopoAgent: An Agentic Framework for Automated Topology Learning in Medical Imaging