ReIFE: Re-evaluating Instruction-Following Evaluation
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Abstract (arXiv)
The automatic evaluation of instruction following typically involves using large language models (LLMs) to assess response quality. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of these LLM-based evaluators across two dimensions: the base LLMs and the evaluation protocols. Therefore, we present a thorough meta-evaluation of instruction following, including 25 base LLMs and 15 recently proposed evaluation protocols, on 4 human-annotated datasets, assessing the evaluation accuracy of the LLM-evaluators. Our evaluation allows us to identify the best-performing base LLMs and evaluation protocols with a high degree of robustness. Moreover, our large-scale evaluation reveals: (1) Base LLM performance ranking remains largely consistent across evaluation protocols, with less capable LLMs showing greater improvement from protocol enhancements; (2) Robust evaluation of evaluation protocols requires many base LLMs with varying capability levels, as protocol effectiveness can depend on the base LLM used; (3) Evaluation results on different datasets are not always consistent, so a rigorous evaluation requires multiple datasets with distinctive features. We release our meta-evaluation suite ReIFE, which provides the codebase and evaluation result collection for more than 500 LLM-evaluator configurations, to support future research in instruction-following evaluation.
Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 31 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Oct 2024.
Builds on
31 of 52 references.
References · 31
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
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- 2021GLM: General Language Model Pretraining with Autoregressive Blank Infillingcited by 1,026
- 2023Quantifying Language Models' Sensitivity to Spurious Features in Prompt Design or: How I learned to start worrying about prompt formattingcited by 778
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- 2024Yi: Open Foundation Models by 01.AIcited by 706
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- 2024Prometheus 2: An Open Source Language Model Specialized in Evaluating Other Language Modelscited by 431
- 2023PandaLM: An Automatic Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Instruction Tuning Optimizationcited by 311
- 2023Evaluating Large Language Models at Evaluating Instruction Followingcited by 290
- 2024HelpSteer2: Open-source dataset for training top-performing reward modelscited by 232
- 2024WildBench: Benchmarking LLMs with Challenging Tasks from Real Users in the Wildcited by 211
- 2022Revisiting the Gold Standard: Grounding Summarization Evaluation with Robust Human Evaluationcited by 141
- 2023PRD: Peer Rank and Discussion Improve Large Language Model based Evaluationscited by 114
- 2023Branch-Solve-Merge Improves Large Language Model Evaluation and Generationcited by 104
- 2023Wider and Deeper LLM Networks are Fairer LLM Evaluatorscited by 91
- 2023Benchmarking Generation and Evaluation Capabilities of Large Language Models for Instruction Controllable Summarizationcited by 69
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- 2023CoAScore: Chain-of-Aspects Prompting for NLG Evaluationcited by 14
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 10; 2026: 9.
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- 2025When Models Can't Follow: Testing Instruction Adherence Across 256 LLMs18 Oct 2025
- 2025Artificial Impressions: Evaluating Large Language Model Behavior Through the Lens of Trait Impressions10 Oct 2025
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- 2026Early-Token Confidence Predicts Reasoning Quality in Multi-Agent LLM Debate9 Jun 2026
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- 2025Improving LLM-as-a-Judge Inference with the Judgment Distributioncited by 36
- 2025Does Context Matter? ContextualJudgeBench for Evaluating LLM-based Judges in Contextual Settingscited by 22
- 2026RubricEval: A Rubric-Level Meta-Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Judges in Instruction Followingcited by 19
- 2025SciArena: An Open Evaluation Platform for Non-Verifiable Scientific Literature-Grounded Taskscited by 17
- 2025How Many Instructions Can LLMs Follow at Once?cited by 17
- 2024SciDQA: A Deep Reading Comprehension Dataset over Scientific Paperscited by 15
- 2024MDCure: A Scalable Pipeline for Multi-Document Instruction-Followingcited by 10
- 2025Do different prompting methods yield a common task representation in language models?cited by 9
- 2025When Models Can't Follow: Testing Instruction Adherence Across 256 LLMscited by 5
- 2025Do Before You Judge: Self-Reference as a Pathway to Better LLM Evaluationcited by 2
- 2025Artificial Impressions: Evaluating Large Language Model Behavior Through the Lens of Trait Impressionscited by 2
- 2026Neuro-Symbolic Verification on Instruction Following of LLMscited by 2
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2026RankJudge: A Multi-Turn LLM-as-a-Judge Synthetic Benchmark Generator20 May 2026
- 2026MCJudgeBench: A Benchmark for Constraint-Level Judge Evaluation in Multi-Constraint Instruction Following5 May 2026
- 2026RubricEval: A Rubric-Level Meta-Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Judges in Instruction Following26 Mar 2026
- 2026Neuro-Symbolic Verification on Instruction Following of LLMs25 Jan 2026
- 2025When Models Can't Follow: Testing Instruction Adherence Across 256 LLMs18 Oct 2025
- 2025Artificial Impressions: Evaluating Large Language Model Behavior Through the Lens of Trait Impressions10 Oct 2025
- 2025Do Before You Judge: Self-Reference as a Pathway to Better LLM Evaluation24 Sep 2025
- 2025How Many Instructions Can LLMs Follow at Once?15 Jul 2025
- 2025SciArena: An Open Evaluation Platform for Non-Verifiable Scientific Literature-Grounded Tasks1 Jul 2025
- 2025Do different prompting methods yield a common task representation in language models?17 May 2025
- 2025Does Context Matter? ContextualJudgeBench for Evaluating LLM-based Judges in Contextual Settings19 Mar 2025
- 2025Improving LLM-as-a-Judge Inference with the Judgment Distribution4 Mar 2025
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)