mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

The Phenomenology of Machine: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Sentience of the OpenAI-o1 Model Integrating Functionalism, Consciousness Theories, Active Inference, and AI Architectures

arXiv 2410.00033 ↗First posted 18 Sep 2024cs.AIcited by 1

On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Human values and AI feedback alignment

Abstract (arXiv)

This paper explores the hypothesis that the OpenAI-o1 model--a transformer-based AI trained with reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF)--displays characteristics of consciousness during its training and inference phases. Adopting functionalism, which argues that mental states are defined by their functional roles, we assess the possibility of AI consciousness. Drawing on theories from neuroscience, philosophy of mind, and AI research, we justify the use of functionalism and examine the model's architecture using frameworks like Integrated Information Theory (IIT) and active inference. The paper also investigates how RLHF influences the model's internal reasoning processes, potentially giving rise to consciousness-like experiences. We compare AI and human consciousness, addressing counterarguments such as the absence of a biological basis and subjective qualia. Our findings suggest that the OpenAI-o1 model shows aspects of consciousness, while acknowledging the ongoing debates surrounding AI sentience.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Human values and AI feedback alignment, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 4 of its 21 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Sep 2024.

Builds on

4 of 21 references.

References · 4

  1. 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferencescited by 3,912
  2. 2021Relating transformers to models and neural representations of the hippocampal formationcited by 62
  3. 2022Path integrals, particular kinds, and strange thingscited by 20
  4. 2018TherML: Thermodynamics of Machine Learningcited by 9

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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1.

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  1. 2026Categorical AI phenomenology: A first-person approach
  2. 2026Toward Enactive Artificial Intelligence
  3. 2024Probing for Consciousness in Machines
  4. 2026We Built a Mirror and Mistook It for a Mind: Causal Liability and the Fallacy of AI Consciousness
  5. 2026Soul Computing: A Theoretical Framework and Technical Architecture for Intelligent Agents with Independent Consciousness
  6. 2026CTM-AI: A Blueprint for General AI Inspired by a Model of Consciousness
  7. 2026From S3Q Theory to Implementation: Towards an Architecture for Machine Qualia
  8. 2025Sentience Quest: Towards Embodied, Emotionally Adaptive, Self-Evolving, Ethically Aligned Artificial General Intelligence