RNR: Teaching Large Language Models to Follow Roles and Rules
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Abstract (arXiv)
Instruction fine-tuning (IFT) elicits instruction following capabilities and steers the behavior of large language models (LLMs) via supervised learning. However, existing models trained on open-source IFT datasets only have the ability to follow instructions from users, and often fail to follow complex role and rules specified by developers, a.k.a. system prompts. The ability to follow these roles and rules is essential for deployment, as it ensures that the model safely interacts with users within developer defined guidelines. To improve such role and rule following ability, we propose model, an automated data generation pipeline that generates diverse roles and rules from existing IFT instructions, along with corresponding responses. This data can then be used to train models that follow complex system prompts. The models are evaluated on our newly created benchmarks for role and rule following ability, as well as standard instruction-following benchmarks and general NLP tasks. Our framework significantly improves role and rule following capability in LLMs, as evidenced by over 25% increase in pass-rate on rule adherence, i.e. following all requirements, in our experiments with the Alpaca and Ultrachat datasets. Moreover, our models achieves this increase without any regression on popular instruction following benchmarks.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 51 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Sep 2024.
Builds on
51 of 68 references.
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38 more
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 5.
6 papers.
- 2025RECAST: Expanding the Boundaries of LLMs' Complex Instruction Following with Multi-Constraint Datacited by 12
- 2026Precision over Diversity: High-Precision Reward Generalizes to Robust Instruction Followingcited by 1
- 2026Policy-Governed LLM Routing with Intent Matching for Instrument Laboratoriescited by 0
- 2026The Granularity Axis: A Micro-to-Macro Latent Direction for Social Roles in Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Configurable Reward Model for Balanced Safety Alignmentcited by 0
- 2026TinyJudge: Unverifiable Constraint Alignment via Lightweight Specialist Ensemblescited by 0
- 2026Configurable Reward Model for Balanced Safety Alignment28 May 2026
- 2026The Granularity Axis: A Micro-to-Macro Latent Direction for Social Roles in Language Models7 May 2026
- 2026TinyJudge: Unverifiable Constraint Alignment via Lightweight Specialist Ensembles19 Apr 2026
- 2026Policy-Governed LLM Routing with Intent Matching for Instrument Laboratories3 Apr 2026
- 2026Precision over Diversity: High-Precision Reward Generalizes to Robust Instruction Following8 Jan 2026
- 2025RECAST: Expanding the Boundaries of LLMs' Complex Instruction Following with Multi-Constraint Data25 May 2025