PARAPHRASUS : A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Paraphrase Detection Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
The task of determining whether two texts are paraphrases has long been a challenge in NLP. However, the prevailing notion of paraphrase is often quite simplistic, offering only a limited view of the vast spectrum of paraphrase phenomena. Indeed, we find that evaluating models in a paraphrase dataset can leave uncertainty about their true semantic understanding. To alleviate this, we create PARAPHRASUS, a benchmark designed for multi-dimensional assessment, benchmarking and selection of paraphrase detection models. We find that paraphrase detection models under our fine-grained evaluation lens exhibit trade-offs that cannot be captured through a single classification dataset. Furthermore, PARAPHRASUS allows prompt calibration for different use cases, tailoring LLM models to specific strictness levels. PARAPHRASUS includes 3 challenges spanning over 10 datasets, including 8 repurposed and 2 newly annotated; we release it along with a benchmarking library at https://github.com/impresso/paraphrasus
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Sep 2024.
Builds on
22 of 52 references.
References · 22
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10 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
7 papers.
- 2024From Single to Multi: How LLMs Hallucinate in Multi-Document Summarizationcited by 17
- 2025Sleepless Nights, Sugary Days: Creating Synthetic Users with Health Conditions for Realistic Coaching Agent Interactionscited by 4
- 2025Sentence Smith: Controllable Edits for Evaluating Text Embeddingscited by 4
- 2025PADBen: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating AI Text Detectors Against Paraphrase Attackscited by 3
- 2026Same Patient, Different Words, Different Diagnosis? Evaluating Semantic Stability in Clinical LLMscited by 1
- 2025Adapting Multilingual Embedding Models to Historical Luxembourgishcited by 0
- 2026Computation Over Geometry: Meaning Identity Is Computed, Not Shipped in the Embeddingscited by 0
- 2026Computation Over Geometry: Meaning Identity Is Computed, Not Shipped in the Embeddings23 Sep 2026
- 2026Same Patient, Different Words, Different Diagnosis? Evaluating Semantic Stability in Clinical LLMs28 May 2026
- 2025PADBen: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating AI Text Detectors Against Paraphrase Attacks1 Nov 2025
- 2025Sentence Smith: Controllable Edits for Evaluating Text Embeddings20 Feb 2025
- 2025Sleepless Nights, Sugary Days: Creating Synthetic Users with Health Conditions for Realistic Coaching Agent Interactions18 Feb 2025
- 2025Adapting Multilingual Embedding Models to Historical Luxembourgish11 Feb 2025
- 2024From Single to Multi: How LLMs Hallucinate in Multi-Document Summarization17 Oct 2024