mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Communicate to Play: Pragmatic Reasoning for Efficient Cross-Cultural Communication in Codenames

arXiv 2408.04900 ↗First posted 9 Aug 2024cs.CLcited by 2

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation

Abstract (arXiv)

Cultural differences in common ground may result in pragmatic failure and misunderstandings during communication. We develop our method Rational Speech Acts for Cross-Cultural Communication (RSA+C3) to resolve cross-cultural differences in common ground. To measure the success of our method, we study RSA+C3 in the collaborative referential game of Codenames Duet and show that our method successfully improves collaboration between simulated players of different cultures. Our contributions are threefold: (1) creating Codenames players using contrastive learning of an embedding space and LLM prompting that are aligned with human patterns of play, (2) studying culturally induced differences in common ground reflected in our trained models, and (3) demonstrating that our method RSA+C3 can ease cross-cultural communication in gameplay by inferring sociocultural context from interaction. Our code is publicly available at github.com/icwhite/codenames.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning benchmarks and evaluation, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 13 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Aug 2024.

Builds on

13 of 30 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024DOSA: A Dataset of Social Artifacts from Different Indian Geographical Subcultures23 Feb

Other references · 12

  1. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  2. 2022ScienceWorld: Is your Agent Smarter than a 5th Grader?cited by 298
  3. 2024Towards Measuring and Modeling "Culture" in LLMs: A Surveycited by 166
  4. 2024Massively Multi-Cultural Knowledge Acquisition & LM Benchmarkingcited by 63
  5. 2024CultureLLM: Incorporating Cultural Differences into Large Language Modelscited by 49
  6. 2022Aligning to Social Norms and Values in Interactive Narrativescited by 32
  7. 2024CulturalTeaming: AI-Assisted Interactive Red-Teaming for Challenging LLMs' (Lack of) Multicultural Knowledgecited by 28
  8. 2024CulturePark: Boosting Cross-cultural Understanding in Large Language Modelscited by 24
  9. 2024Context Steering: Controllable Personalization at Inference Timecited by 22
  10. 2023Modeling Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Inference with Codenames Duetcited by 20
  11. 2023Large language models can replicate cross-cultural differences in personalitycited by 8
  12. 2021Playing Codenames with Language Graphs and Word Embeddingscited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025On the Same Wavelength? Evaluating Pragmatic Reasoning in Language Models across Broad Concepts
  2. 2025Cross-Cultural Transfer of Commonsense Reasoning in LLMs: Evidence from the Arab World
  3. 2024Codenames as a Benchmark for Large Language Models
  4. 2026OLA: Output Language Alignment in Code-Switched LLM Interactions
  5. 2025The American Ghost in the Machine: How language models align culturally and the effects of cultural prompting
  6. 2026Which one is banana man? Evaluating vision-language models in multi-turn pragmatic interpretation
  7. 2024clembench-2024: A Challenging, Dynamic, Complementary, Multilingual Benchmark and Underlying Flexible Framework for LLMs as Multi-Action Agents
  8. 2026Think Multilingual, Not Harder: A Data-Efficient Framework for Teaching Reasoning Models to Code-Switch