3D Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation with 2D Vision-Language Guidance
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Embodied and 3D vision-language models
Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we propose 3DSS-VLG, a weakly supervised approach for 3D Semantic Segmentation with 2D Vision-Language Guidance, an alternative approach that a 3D model predicts dense-embedding for each point which is co-embedded with both the aligned image and text spaces from the 2D vision-language model. Specifically, our method exploits the superior generalization ability of the 2D vision-language models and proposes the Embeddings Soft-Guidance Stage to utilize it to implicitly align 3D embeddings and text embeddings. Moreover, we introduce the Embeddings Specialization Stage to purify the feature representation with the help of a given scene-level label, specifying a better feature supervised by the corresponding text embedding. Thus, the 3D model is able to gain informative supervisions both from the image embedding and text embedding, leading to competitive segmentation performances. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to investigate 3D weakly supervised semantic segmentation by using the textual semantic information of text category labels. Moreover, with extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments, we present that our 3DSS-VLG is able not only to achieve the state-of-the-art performance on both S3DIS and ScanNet datasets, but also to maintain strong generalization capability.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Embodied and 3D vision-language models, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 46 of its 58 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Jul 2024.
Builds on
46 of 58 references.
Closest ancestors · 2
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Towards Label-free Scene Understanding by Vision Foundation Models6 Jun
- 2023CLIP goes 3D: Leveraging Prompt Tuning for Language Grounded 3D Recognition20 Mar
Other references · 44
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,248
- 2017PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Spacecited by 4,401
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
- 2015Learning Deep Features for Discriminative Localizationcited by 2,436
- 2020Point Transformercited by 1,470
- 20194D Spatio-Temporal ConvNets: Minkowski Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 1,208
- 2019KPConv: Flexible and Deformable Convolution for Point Cloudscited by 1,205
- 2018PointRCNN: 3D Object Proposal Generation and Detection from Point Cloudcited by 941
- 2017Frustum PointNets for 3D Object Detection from RGB-D Datacited by 640
- 2019RandLA-Net: Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Large-Scale Point Cloudscited by 585
- 2022Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation with Mask-adapted CLIPcited by 565
32 more
- 2022PETR: Position Embedding Transformation for Multi-View 3D Object Detectioncited by 552
- 2021Scaling Open-Vocabulary Image Segmentation with Image-Level Labelscited by 473
- 2022PointNeXt: Revisiting PointNet++ with Improved Training and Scaling Strategiescited by 436
- 2023Side Adapter Network for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentationcited by 300
- 2019Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 245
- 2021A Simple Baseline for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation with Pre-trained Vision-language Modelcited by 223
- 2023CLIP2Scene: Towards Label-efficient 3D Scene Understanding by CLIPcited by 181
- 2018Tangent Convolutions for Dense Prediction in 3Dcited by 173
- 2017PointFusion: Deep Sensor Fusion for 3D Bounding Box Estimationcited by 170
- 20222DPASS: 2D Priors Assisted Semantic Segmentation on LiDAR Point Cloudscited by 158
- 2022Learning 3D Representations from 2D Pre-trained Models via Image-to-Point Masked Autoencoderscited by 144
- 2022Not All Points Are Equal: Learning Highly Efficient Point-based Detectors for 3D LiDAR Point Cloudscited by 131
- 2023Learning Open-vocabulary Semantic Segmentation Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 99
- 2021Bidirectional Projection Network for Cross Dimension Scene Understandingcited by 95
- 2019Multi-view PointNet for 3D Scene Understandingcited by 76
- 2023RangeViT: Towards Vision Transformers for 3D Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Drivingcited by 76
- 2020Multi-Path Region Mining For Weakly Supervised 3D Semantic Segmentation on Point Cloudscited by 71
- 2023CLIP2: Contrastive Language-Image-Point Pretraining from Real-World Point Cloud Datacited by 69
- 2023MSeg3D: Multi-modal 3D Semantic Segmentation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 68
- 2021SQN: Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation of Large-Scale 3D Point Cloudscited by 64
- 2021Pri3D: Can 3D Priors Help 2D Representation Learning?cited by 61
- 2021Learning 3D Semantic Segmentation with only 2D Image Supervisioncited by 60
- 20203D-MiniNet: Learning a 2D Representation from Point Clouds for Fast and Efficient 3D LIDAR Semantic Segmentationcited by 58
- 2022Learning Multi-View Aggregation In the Wild for Large-Scale 3D Semantic Segmentationcited by 47
- 2022Expansion and Shrinkage of Localization for Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 37
- 20213D Spatial Recognition without Spatially Labeled 3Dcited by 31
- 2022Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation for Large-Scale Point Cloudcited by 27
- 20232D-3D Interlaced Transformer for Point Cloud Segmentation with Scene-Level Supervisioncited by 16
- 2022Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation via Progressive Patch Learningcited by 15
- 2023IFSeg: Image-free Semantic Segmentation via Vision-Language Modelcited by 15
- 2023Exploiting the Complementarity of 2D and 3D Networks to Address Domain-Shift in 3D Semantic Segmentationcited by 14
- 2022SemAffiNet: Semantic-Affine Transformation for Point Cloud Segmentationcited by 11
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
12 papers.
- 2025Cross-Modal and Uncertainty-Aware Agglomeration for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understandingcited by 13
- 2024LESS: Label-Efficient and Single-Stage Referring 3D Segmentationcited by 5
- 2026OVI-MAP:Open-Vocabulary Instance-Semantic Mappingcited by 4
- 2026CDSeg: A Renderable Gaussian Carrier for Image-to-3D Label Transfercited by 2
- 2025Orthogonal Projection Subspace to Aggregate Online Prior-knowledge for Continual Test-time Adaptationcited by 1
- 2025High-quality Pseudo-labeling for Point Cloud Segmentation with Scene-level Annotationcited by 1
- 20253D Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation via Class-Aware and Geometry-Guided Pseudo-Label Refinementcited by 1
- 2025Edge Detection for Organ Boundaries via Top Down Refinement and SubPixel Upsamplingcited by 0
- 2025DualResolution Residual Architecture with Artifact Suppression for Melanocytic Lesion Segmentationcited by 0
- 2025VesselRW: Weakly Supervised Subcutaneous Vessel Segmentation via Learned Random Walk Propagationcited by 0
- 2025DBGroup: Dual-Branch Point Grouping for Weakly Supervised 3D Semantic Instance Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026Rewis3d: Reconstruction Improves Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026CDSeg: A Renderable Gaussian Carrier for Image-to-3D Label Transfer6 Aug 2026
- 2026OVI-MAP:Open-Vocabulary Instance-Semantic Mapping27 Mar 2026
- 2026Rewis3d: Reconstruction Improves Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation6 Mar 2026
- 2025DBGroup: Dual-Branch Point Grouping for Weakly Supervised 3D Semantic Instance Segmentation13 Nov 2025
- 20253D Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation via Class-Aware and Geometry-Guided Pseudo-Label Refinement17 Oct 2025
- 2025VesselRW: Weakly Supervised Subcutaneous Vessel Segmentation via Learned Random Walk Propagation9 Aug 2025
- 2025DualResolution Residual Architecture with Artifact Suppression for Melanocytic Lesion Segmentation9 Aug 2025
- 2025Edge Detection for Organ Boundaries via Top Down Refinement and SubPixel Upsampling9 Aug 2025
- 2025High-quality Pseudo-labeling for Point Cloud Segmentation with Scene-level Annotation29 Jun 2025
- 2025Orthogonal Projection Subspace to Aggregate Online Prior-knowledge for Continual Test-time Adaptation23 Jun 2025
- 2025Cross-Modal and Uncertainty-Aware Agglomeration for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding20 Mar 2025
- 2024LESS: Label-Efficient and Single-Stage Referring 3D Segmentation17 Oct 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Visual Grounding based on Visual Language Alignment
- 2023A Language-Guided Benchmark for Weakly Supervised Open Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation
- 2026An overview of 3D Vision-Language Models
- 2025PGOV3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation with Partial-to-Global Curriculum
- 2025Segmenting Visuals With Querying Words: Language Anchors For Semi-Supervised Image Segmentation
- 2023CLIP-S4: Language-Guided Self-Supervised Semantic Segmentation
- 2024Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation with Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
- 2025FOLK: Fast Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation via Label-guided Knowledge Distillation