mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Quantum Architecture Search: A Survey

arXiv 2406.06210 ↗First posted 10 Jun 2024quant-ph cs.AIcited by 31

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Quantum computing has made significant progress in recent years, attracting immense interest not only in research laboratories but also in various industries. However, the application of quantum computing to solve real-world problems is still hampered by a number of challenges, including hardware limitations and a relatively under-explored landscape of quantum algorithms, especially when compared to the extensive development of classical computing. The design of quantum circuits, in particular parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs), which contain learnable parameters optimized by classical methods, is a non-trivial and time-consuming task requiring expert knowledge. As a result, research on the automated generation of PQCs, known as quantum architecture search (QAS), has gained considerable interest. QAS focuses on the use of machine learning and optimization-driven techniques to generate PQCs tailored to specific problems and characteristics of quantum hardware. In this paper, we provide an overview of QAS methods by examining relevant research studies in the field. We discuss main challenges in designing and performing an automated search for an optimal PQC, and survey ways to address them to ease future research.

Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 115 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Jun 2024.

Builds on

44 of 115 references.

References · 44

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2018DARTS: Differentiable Architecture Searchcited by 1,782
  3. 2016OpenAI Gymcited by 1,684
  4. 2016Neural Architecture Search with Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,489
  5. 2018A Tutorial on Bayesian Optimizationcited by 734
  6. 2020Variational Quantum Algorithmscited by 687
  7. 2020NAS-Bench-201: Extending the Scope of Reproducible Neural Architecture Searchcited by 412
  8. 2019Auto-DeepLab: Hierarchical Neural Architecture Search for Semantic Image Segmentationcited by 258
  9. 2018Meta-Learning: A Surveycited by 254
  10. 2018Neural Architecture Search with Bayesian Optimisation and Optimal Transportcited by 192
  11. 2020Noise-Induced Barren Plateaus in Variational Quantum Algorithmscited by 192
  12. 2023Neural Architecture Search: Insights from 1000 Paperscited by 136
32 more
  1. 2021QuantumNAS: Noise-Adaptive Search for Robust Quantum Circuitscited by 97
  2. 2024Better than classical? The subtle art of benchmarking quantum machine learning modelscited by 82
  3. 2020Quantum circuit architecture search for variational quantum algorithmscited by 81
  4. 2021Reinforcement learning for optimization of variational quantum circuit architecturescited by 76
  5. 2021Quantum Architecture Search via Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 58
  6. 2019Best Practices for Scientific Research on Neural Architecture Searchcited by 53
  7. 2024Curriculum reinforcement learning for quantum architecture search under hardware errorscited by 37
  8. 2021KNAS: Green Neural Architecture Searchcited by 33
  9. 2021Automatic design of quantum feature mapscited by 27
  10. 2021Quantum Architecture Search via Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 22
  11. 2019A Domain-agnostic, Noise-resistant, Hardware-efficient Evolutionary Variational Quantum Eigensolvercited by 20
  12. 2023Asynchronous training of quantum reinforcement learningcited by 20
  13. 2022Quantum Neural Architecture Search with Quantum Circuits Metric and Bayesian Optimizationcited by 16
  14. 2022Automated Quantum Circuit Design with Nested Monte Carlo Tree Searchcited by 16
  15. 2021A semi-agnostic ansatz with variable structure for quantum machine learningcited by 15
  16. 2022SupermarQ: A Scalable Quantum Benchmark Suitecited by 14
  17. 2020Quantum Circuit Design Searchcited by 13
  18. 2021Variational quantum compiling with double Q-learningcited by 13
  19. 2023Differentiable Quantum Architecture Search for Quantum Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
  20. 2024'Eliv'agar: Efficient Quantum Circuit Search for Classificationcited by 12
  21. 2023Enhancing variational quantum state diagonalization using reinforcement learning techniquescited by 11
  22. 2020Non-trivial symmetries in quantum landscapes and their resilience to quantum noisecited by 10
  23. 2022Monte Carlo Tree Search based Hybrid Optimization of Variational Quantum Circuitscited by 10
  24. 2022Distributed Quantum Computing: a Surveycited by 8
  25. 2019Automated quantum programming via reinforcement learning for combinatorial optimizationcited by 7
  26. 2021Quantum Embedding Search for Quantum Machine Learningcited by 7
  27. 2022Evolutionary Quantum Architecture Search for Parametrized Quantum Circuitscited by 7
  28. 2022Arline Benchmarks: Automated Benchmarking Platform for Quantum Compilerscited by 5
  29. 2023qgym: A Gym for Training and Benchmarking RL-Based Quantum Compilationcited by 5
  30. 2024Quantum Architecture Search with Unsupervised Representation Learningcited by 4
  31. 2022Review of Ansatz Designing Techniques for Variational Quantum Algorithmscited by 3
  32. 2023Benchmarking Adaptative Variational Quantum Algorithms on QUBO Instancescited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 17; 2026: 13.

31 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2024KANQAS: Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Quantum Architecture Searchcited by 36
  2. 2025Learning to Measure Quantum Neural Networkscited by 15
  3. 2025Differentiable Quantum Architecture Search in Quantum-Enhanced Neural Network Parameter Generationcited by 7
  4. 2025Learning to Program Quantum Measurements for Machine Learningcited by 7
  5. 2025TensorRL-QAS: Reinforcement learning with tensor networks for improved quantum architecture searchcited by 6
  6. 2025Scalable Quantum State Preparation via Large-Language-Model-Driven Discoverycited by 5
  7. 2025Automating quantum feature map design via large language modelscited by 4
  8. 2025Q-Fusion: Diffusing Quantum Circuitscited by 4
  9. 2025Leveraging Diffusion Models for Parameterized Quantum Circuit Generationcited by 4
  10. 2025Quantum Long Short-term Memory with Differentiable Architecture Searchcited by 4
  11. 2025Introduction to Quantum Machine Learning and Quantum Architecture Searchcited by 3
  12. 2025Graph-Based Bayesian Optimization for Quantum Circuit Architecture Search with Uncertainty Calibrated Surrogatescited by 3
19 more
  1. 2026QNAS: A Neural Architecture Search Framework for Accurate and Efficient Quantum Neural Networkscited by 3
  2. 2026Generative Quantum-inspired Kolmogorov-Arnold Eigensolvercited by 3
  3. 2026How to find expressible and trainable parameterized quantum circuits?cited by 2
  4. 2025RhoDARTS: Differentiable Quantum Architecture Search with Density Matrix Simulationscited by 1
  5. 2025Generative flow-based warm start of the variational quantum eigensolvercited by 1
  6. 2025Neural Architecture Search Algorithms for Quantum Autoencoderscited by 1
  7. 2025Neural Architecture Search for Quantum Autoencoderscited by 1
  8. 2026Hybrid Quantum-Classical Neural Architecture Searchcited by 1
  9. 2025Triplet Loss Based Quantum Encoding for Class Separabilitycited by 0
  10. 2025Training Variational Quantum Circuits Using Particle Swarm Optimizationcited by 0
  11. 2026Differentiable Architecture Search for Adversarially Robust Quantum Computer Visioncited by 0
  12. 2026Auto Quantum Machine Learning for Multisource Classificationcited by 0
  13. 2026Layered Quantum Architecture Search for 3D Point Cloud Classificationcited by 0
  14. 2026SCALAR: A Neurosymbolic Framework for Automated Conjecture and Reasoning in Quantum Circuit Analysiscited by 0
  15. 2026LLM-Guided Neural Architecture Search for Robust Co-Design of Physical Neural Networkscited by 0
  16. 2026Mitigating Bias in Low-SNR Financial Reinforcement Learning via Quantum Representationscited by 0
  17. 2026MDQEC-QAS: Meta-Decoding for Quantum Error Correction with Hardware-Aware VQC Search and Confidence-Gated Recoverycited by 0
  18. 2026Approximate Quantum State Preparation Through Proximal Policy Optimizationcited by 0
  19. 2026DreamQAS: Learning a Decision-Useful World Model for VQE-Efficient Quantum Architecture Searchcited by 0