mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Reading Order Independent Metrics for Information Extraction in Handwritten Documents

arXiv 2404.18664 ↗First posted 29 Apr 2024cs.CVcited by 2

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Abstract (arXiv)

Information Extraction processes in handwritten documents tend to rely on obtaining an automatic transcription and performing Named Entity Recognition (NER) over such transcription. For this reason, in publicly available datasets, the performance of the systems is usually evaluated with metrics particular to each dataset. Moreover, most of the metrics employed are sensitive to reading order errors. Therefore, they do not reflect the expected final application of the system and introduce biases in more complex documents. In this paper, we propose and publicly release a set of reading order independent metrics tailored to Information Extraction evaluation in handwritten documents. In our experimentation, we perform an in-depth analysis of the behavior of the metrics to recommend what we consider to be the minimal set of metrics to evaluate a task correctly.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 14 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 29 Apr 2024.

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14 of 39 references.

References · 14

  1. 2019LayoutLM: Pre-training of Text and Layout for Document Image Understandingcited by 553
  2. 2021OCR-free Document Understanding Transformercited by 407
  3. 2019FUNSD: A Dataset for Form Understanding in Noisy Scanned Documentscited by 349
  4. 2019Image-based table recognition: data, model, and evaluationcited by 237
  5. 2021BROS: A Pre-trained Language Model Focusing on Text and Layout for Better Key Information Extraction from Documentscited by 104
  6. 2021LayoutReader: Pre-training of Text and Layout for Reading Order Detectioncited by 80
  7. 2020Spatial Dependency Parsing for Semi-Structured Document Information Extractioncited by 65
  8. 2022DAN: a Segmentation-free Document Attention Network for Handwritten Document Recognitioncited by 62
  9. 2021Named Entity Recognition and Classification on Historical Documents: A Surveycited by 47
  10. 2023Reading Order Matters: Information Extraction from Visually-rich Documents by Token Path Predictioncited by 23
  11. 2023Key-value information extraction from full handwritten pagescited by 9
  12. 2023End-to-End Page-Level Assessment of Handwritten Text Recognitioncited by 8
2 more
  1. 2018Joint Recognition of Handwritten Text and Named Entities with a Neural End-to-end Modelcited by 6
  2. 2023Large Scale Genealogical Information Extraction From Handwritten Quebec Parish Recordscited by 4

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 1.

2 papers.