mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Mirror: A Multiple-perspective Self-Reflection Method for Knowledge-rich Reasoning

arXiv 2402.14963 ↗First posted 22 Feb 2024cs.CL cs.AIcited by 9

On the map: LLM reasoning → Test-time compute and efficient thinking

Abstract (arXiv)

While Large language models (LLMs) have the capability to iteratively reflect on their own outputs, recent studies have observed their struggles with knowledge-rich problems without access to external resources. In addition to the inefficiency of LLMs in self-assessment, we also observe that LLMs struggle to revisit their predictions despite receiving explicit negative feedback. Therefore, We propose Mirror, a Multiple-perspective self-reflection method for knowledge-rich reasoning, to avoid getting stuck at a particular reflection iteration. Mirror enables LLMs to reflect from multiple-perspective clues, achieved through a heuristic interaction between a Navigator and a Reasoner. It guides agents toward diverse yet plausibly reliable reasoning trajectory without access to ground truth by encouraging (1) diversity of directions generated by Navigator and (2) agreement among strategically induced perturbations in responses generated by the Reasoner. The experiments on five reasoning datasets demonstrate that Mirror's superiority over several contemporary self-reflection approaches. Additionally, the ablation study studies clearly indicate that our strategies alleviate the aforementioned challenges.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Test-time compute and efficient thinking, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 15 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Feb 2024.

Builds on

15 of 49 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Large Language Models Cannot Self-Correct Reasoning Yet3 Oct
  2. 2023CRITIC: Large Language Models Can Self-Correct with Tool-Interactive Critiquing19 May
  3. 2023Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedback30 Mar
  4. 2022Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know11 Jul

Other references · 11

  1. 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
  2. 2023Lost in the Middle: How Language Models Use Long Contextscited by 3,383
  3. 2023Reasoning with Language Model is Planning with World Modelcited by 846
  4. 2023SelfCheckGPT: Zero-Resource Black-Box Hallucination Detection for Generative Large Language Modelscited by 787
  5. 2023Language Agent Tree Search Unifies Reasoning Acting and Planning in Language Modelscited by 551
  6. 2023Learning Universal Policies via Text-Guided Video Generationcited by 506
  7. 2023Check Your Facts and Try Again: Improving Large Language Models with External Knowledge and Automated Feedbackcited by 351
  8. 2023Large Language Models Understand and Can be Enhanced by Emotional Stimulicited by 143
  9. 2023Training Socially Aligned Language Models on Simulated Social Interactionscited by 77
  10. 2023Small Models are Valuable Plug-ins for Large Language Modelscited by 42
  11. 2023C-MCTS: Safe Planning with Monte Carlo Tree Searchcited by 6

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.

9 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025ReflCtrl: Controlling LLM Reflection Efficiently via Representation Engineering
  2. 2025The Mirror Loop: Recursive Non-Convergence in Generative Reasoning Systems
  3. 2025First Try Matters: Revisiting the Role of Reflection in Reasoning Models
  4. 2023Encouraging Divergent Thinking in Large Language Models through Multi-Agent Debate
  5. 2025Self-Reflective Planning with Knowledge Graphs: Enhancing LLM Reasoning Reliability for Question Answering
  6. 2025Reflective Confidence: Correcting Reasoning Flaws via Online Self-Correction
  7. 2026CORE: Contrastive Reflection Enables Rapid Improvements in Reasoning
  8. 2024TinyThinker: Distilling Reasoning through Coarse-to-Fine Knowledge Internalization with Self-Reflection