Language Models as Science Tutors
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Abstract (arXiv)
NLP has recently made exciting progress toward training language models (LMs) with strong scientific problem-solving skills. However, model development has not focused on real-life use-cases of LMs for science, including applications in education that require processing long scientific documents. To address this, we introduce TutorEval and TutorChat. TutorEval is a diverse question-answering benchmark consisting of questions about long chapters from STEM textbooks, written by experts. TutorEval helps measure real-life usability of LMs as scientific assistants, and it is the first benchmark combining long contexts, free-form generation, and multi-disciplinary scientific knowledge. Moreover, we show that fine-tuning base models with existing dialogue datasets leads to poor performance on TutorEval. Therefore, we create TutorChat, a dataset of 80,000 long synthetic dialogues about textbooks. We use TutorChat to fine-tune Llemma models with 7B and 34B parameters. These LM tutors specialized in math have a 32K-token context window, and they excel at TutorEval while performing strongly on GSM8K and MATH. Our datasets build on open-source materials, and we release our models, data, and evaluations.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 36 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Feb 2024.
Builds on
36 of 50 references.
References · 36
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- 2025Pedagogy-R1: Pedagogically-Aligned Reasoning Model with Balanced Educational Benchmark24 May 2025
- 2025Is your multimodal large language model a good science tutor?9 May 2025
- 2025AI University: An LLM-Powered Learning Assistant for Engineering---A Finite Element Method Case Study11 Apr 2025
- 2025Explain with Visual Keypoints Like a Real Mentor! A Benchmark for Multimodal Solution Explanation4 Apr 2025
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- 2024Closing the Loop: Learning to Generate Writing Feedback via Language Model Simulated Student Revisions10 Oct 2024
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- 2024MAP-Neo: Highly Capable and Transparent Bilingual Large Language Model Series29 May 2024
- 2024How to Train Long-Context Language Models (Effectively)cited by 141
- 2024MAP-Neo: Highly Capable and Transparent Bilingual Large Language Model Seriescited by 67
- 2024CiteME: Can Language Models Accurately Cite Scientific Claims?cited by 45
- 2025The Open Proof Corpus: A Large-Scale Study of LLM-Generated Mathematical Proofscited by 27
- 2024Automated Text Scoring in the Age of Generative AI for the GPU-poorcited by 10
- 2025PowerAttention: Exponentially Scaling of Receptive Fields for Effective Sparse Attentioncited by 8
- 2025Discerning minds or generic tutors? Evaluating instructional guidance capabilities in Socratic LLMscited by 5
- 2025When Models Know More Than They Can Explain: Quantifying Knowledge Transfer in Human-AI Collaborationcited by 4
- 2024Closing the Loop: Learning to Generate Writing Feedback via Language Model Simulated Student Revisionscited by 1
- 2026Key-Value Means: Transformers with Expandable Block-Recurrent Compressed Memorycited by 1
- 2026How Local Mixing Encodes Relative Position in Global NoPE Attentioncited by 0
- 2026How Local Mixing Encodes Relative Position in Global NoPE Attention29 Sep 2026
- 2026Key-Value Means: Transformers with Expandable Block-Recurrent Compressed Memory11 May 2026
- 2025Discerning minds or generic tutors? Evaluating instructional guidance capabilities in Socratic LLMs8 Aug 2025
- 2025The Open Proof Corpus: A Large-Scale Study of LLM-Generated Mathematical Proofs23 Jun 2025
- 2025When Models Know More Than They Can Explain: Quantifying Knowledge Transfer in Human-AI Collaboration5 Jun 2025
- 2025PowerAttention: Exponentially Scaling of Receptive Fields for Effective Sparse Attention5 Mar 2025
- 2024Closing the Loop: Learning to Generate Writing Feedback via Language Model Simulated Student Revisions10 Oct 2024
- 2024How to Train Long-Context Language Models (Effectively)3 Oct 2024
- 2024CiteME: Can Language Models Accurately Cite Scientific Claims?10 Jul 2024
- 2024Automated Text Scoring in the Age of Generative AI for the GPU-poor2 Jul 2024
- 2024MAP-Neo: Highly Capable and Transparent Bilingual Large Language Model Series29 May 2024