Multi-word Tokenization for Sequence Compression
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Abstract (arXiv)
Large Language Models have proven highly successful at modelling a variety of tasks. However, this comes at a steep computational cost that hinders wider industrial uptake. In this paper, we present MWT: a Multi-Word Tokenizer that goes beyond word boundaries by representing frequent multi-word expressions as single tokens. MWTs produce a more compact and efficient tokenization that yields two benefits: (1) Increase in performance due to a greater coverage of input data given a fixed sequence length budget; (2) Faster and lighter inference due to the ability to reduce the sequence length with negligible drops in performance. Our results show that MWT is more robust across shorter sequence lengths, thus allowing for major speedups via early sequence truncation.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 29 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Feb 2024.
Builds on
21 of 29 references.
References · 21
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9 more
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 9; 2026: 4.
16 papers.
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- 2025SuperBPE: Space Travel for Language Modelscited by 58
- 2025Boundless Byte Pair Encoding: Breaking the Pre-tokenization Barriercited by 31
- 2025MorphBPE: A Morpho-Aware Tokenizer Bridging Linguistic Complexity for Efficient LLM Training Across Morphologiescited by 23
- 2024An Empirical Study on Cross-lingual Vocabulary Adaptation for Efficient Language Model Inferencecited by 18
- 2025Sampling from Your Language Model One Byte at a Timecited by 7
- 2025Token Distillation: Attention-aware Input Embeddings For New Tokenscited by 6
- 2025A Survey of Classification Tasks and Approaches for Legal Contractscited by 6
- 2024Generation with Dynamic Vocabularycited by 5
- 2025zip2zip: Inference-Time Adaptive Tokenization via Online Compressioncited by 3
- 2026AdaptBPE: From General Purpose to Specialized Tokenizerscited by 3
- 2026Proxy Compression for Language Modelingcited by 3
- 2024Visual-Word Tokenizer: Beyond Fixed Sets of Tokens in Vision Transformerscited by 2
4 more
- 2026Counting and Min-Cost Encoding for Tokenization in Large Language Models1 Oct 2026
- 2026Task-Centric Acceleration of Small-Language Models27 Feb 2026
- 2026Proxy Compression for Language Modeling4 Feb 2026
- 2026AdaptBPE: From General Purpose to Specialized Tokenizers29 Jan 2026
- 2025DVAGen: Dynamic Vocabulary Augmented Generation20 Oct 2025
- 2025MoVoC: Morphology-Aware Subword Construction for Geez Script Languages10 Sep 2025
- 2025A Survey of Classification Tasks and Approaches for Legal Contracts9 Jul 2025
- 2025Sampling from Your Language Model One Byte at a Time17 Jun 2025
- 2025zip2zip: Inference-Time Adaptive Tokenization via Online Compression1 Jun 2025
- 2025Token Distillation: Attention-aware Input Embeddings For New Tokens26 May 2025
- 2025Boundless Byte Pair Encoding: Breaking the Pre-tokenization Barrier31 Mar 2025
- 2025SuperBPE: Space Travel for Language Models17 Mar 2025
4 more
- 2025MorphBPE: A Morpho-Aware Tokenizer Bridging Linguistic Complexity for Efficient LLM Training Across Morphologies2 Feb 2025
- 2024Visual-Word Tokenizer: Beyond Fixed Sets of Tokens in Vision Transformers23 Nov 2024
- 2024Generation with Dynamic Vocabulary11 Oct 2024
- 2024An Empirical Study on Cross-lingual Vocabulary Adaptation for Efficient Language Model Inference16 Feb 2024
- 2025SuperBPE: Space Travel for Language Modelscited by 58
- 2025Boundless Byte Pair Encoding: Breaking the Pre-tokenization Barriercited by 31
- 2025MorphBPE: A Morpho-Aware Tokenizer Bridging Linguistic Complexity for Efficient LLM Training Across Morphologiescited by 23
- 2024An Empirical Study on Cross-lingual Vocabulary Adaptation for Efficient Language Model Inferencecited by 18
- 2025Sampling from Your Language Model One Byte at a Timecited by 7
- 2025Token Distillation: Attention-aware Input Embeddings For New Tokenscited by 6
- 2025A Survey of Classification Tasks and Approaches for Legal Contractscited by 6
- 2024Generation with Dynamic Vocabularycited by 5
- 2025zip2zip: Inference-Time Adaptive Tokenization via Online Compressioncited by 3
- 2026AdaptBPE: From General Purpose to Specialized Tokenizerscited by 3
- 2026Proxy Compression for Language Modelingcited by 3
- 2024Visual-Word Tokenizer: Beyond Fixed Sets of Tokens in Vision Transformerscited by 2
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Counting and Min-Cost Encoding for Tokenization in Large Language Models1 Oct 2026
- 2026Task-Centric Acceleration of Small-Language Models27 Feb 2026
- 2026Proxy Compression for Language Modeling4 Feb 2026
- 2026AdaptBPE: From General Purpose to Specialized Tokenizers29 Jan 2026
- 2025DVAGen: Dynamic Vocabulary Augmented Generation20 Oct 2025
- 2025MoVoC: Morphology-Aware Subword Construction for Geez Script Languages10 Sep 2025
- 2025A Survey of Classification Tasks and Approaches for Legal Contracts9 Jul 2025
- 2025Sampling from Your Language Model One Byte at a Time17 Jun 2025
- 2025zip2zip: Inference-Time Adaptive Tokenization via Online Compression1 Jun 2025
- 2025Token Distillation: Attention-aware Input Embeddings For New Tokens26 May 2025
- 2025Boundless Byte Pair Encoding: Breaking the Pre-tokenization Barrier31 Mar 2025
- 2025SuperBPE: Space Travel for Language Models17 Mar 2025
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)