mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Weaver: Foundation Models for Creative Writing

arXiv 2401.17268 ↗First posted 30 Jan 2024cs.CL cs.AI cs.LGcited by 27

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Abstract (arXiv)

This work introduces Weaver, our first family of large language models (LLMs) dedicated to content creation. Weaver is pre-trained on a carefully selected corpus that focuses on improving the writing capabilities of large language models. We then fine-tune Weaver for creative and professional writing purposes and align it to the preference of professional writers using a suit of novel methods for instruction data synthesis and LLM alignment, making it able to produce more human-like texts and follow more diverse instructions for content creation. The Weaver family consists of models of Weaver Mini (1.8B), Weaver Base (6B), Weaver Pro (14B), and Weaver Ultra (34B) sizes, suitable for different applications and can be dynamically dispatched by a routing agent according to query complexity to balance response quality and computation cost. Evaluation on a carefully curated benchmark for assessing the writing capabilities of LLMs shows Weaver models of all sizes outperform generalist LLMs several times larger than them. Notably, our most-capable Weaver Ultra model surpasses GPT-4, a state-of-the-art generalist LLM, on various writing scenarios, demonstrating the advantage of training specialized LLMs for writing purposes. Moreover, Weaver natively supports retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and function calling (tool usage). We present various use cases of these abilities for improving AI-assisted writing systems, including integration of external knowledge bases, tools, or APIs, and providing personalized writing assistance. Furthermore, we discuss and summarize a guideline and best practices for pre-training and fine-tuning domain-specific LLMs.

Key facts. Cited by 27 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 43 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Jan 2024.

Builds on

43 of 61 references.

References · 43

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 13; 2025: 9; 2026: 5.

27 papers.

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  1. 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Modelscited by 126
  2. 2025WritingBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Generative Writingcited by 106
  3. 2024Detoxifying Large Language Models via Knowledge Editingcited by 87
  4. 2024MAP-Neo: Highly Capable and Transparent Bilingual Large Language Model Seriescited by 67
  5. 2024PsychoGAT: A Novel Psychological Measurement Paradigm through Interactive Fiction Games with LLM Agentscited by 28
  6. 2024MIO: A Foundation Model on Multimodal Tokenscited by 24
  7. 2024Patchview: LLM-Powered Worldbuilding with Generative Dust and Magnet Visualizationcited by 23
  8. 2024BadActs: A Universal Backdoor Defense in the Activation Spacecited by 21
  9. 2024Sailor: Open Language Models for South-East Asiacited by 19
  10. 2025OmniThink: Expanding Knowledge Boundaries in Machine Writing through Thinkingcited by 18
  11. 2024Small Language Models can Outperform Humans in Short Creative Writing: A Study Comparing SLMs with Humans and LLMscited by 17
  12. 2025TALES: A Taxonomy and Analysis of Cultural Representations in LLM-generated Storiescited by 10
15 more
  1. 2024PositionID: LLMs can Control Lengths, Copy and Paste with Explicit Positional Awarenesscited by 9
  2. 2025LongDPO: Unlock Better Long-form Generation Abilities for LLMs via Critique-augmented Stepwise Informationcited by 8
  3. 2025IDEAL: Data Equilibrium Adaptation for Multi-Capability Language Model Alignmentcited by 8
  4. 2025Decoupling Content and Expression: Two-Dimensional Detection of AI-Generated Textcited by 6
  5. 2024SeRA: Self-Reviewing and Alignment of Large Language Models using Implicit Reward Marginscited by 5
  6. 2024Understanding the Difficulty of Low-Precision Post-Training Quantization for LLMscited by 3
  7. 2025LLM-driven Constrained Copy Generation through Iterative Refinementcited by 3
  8. 2024Learning to Explore and Select for Coverage-Conditioned Retrieval-Augmented Generationcited by 1
  9. 2024Arabic Automatic Story Generation with Large Language Modelscited by 1
  10. 2025TaleForge: Interactive Multimodal System for Personalized Story Creationcited by 1
  11. 2026Anchorless Diversification for Parallel LLM Ideationcited by 1
  12. 2026MarkSec: Capability-Aware Evaluation of Adversarial Attacks Against LLM Watermarkscited by 1
  13. 2026LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathycited by 0
  14. 2026Co-policy: Responsive Human-Robot Co-Creation for Musical Performancescited by 0
  15. 2026BridgeAlign: Bridging Preference Alignment for Humanities and Social Sciencescited by 0

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  4. 2024Can AI writing be salvaged? Mitigating Idiosyncrasies and Improving Human-AI Alignment in the Writing Process through Edits
  5. 2024Navigating the Path of Writing: Outline-guided Text Generation with Large Language Models
  6. 2025Scaling Fine-Grained MoE Beyond 50B Parameters: Empirical Evaluation and Practical Insights
  7. 2024Sample-Efficient Human Evaluation of Large Language Models via Maximum Discrepancy Competition
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