mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Equipping Language Models with Tool Use Capability for Tabular Data Analysis in Finance

arXiv 2401.15328 ↗First posted 27 Jan 2024cs.CLcited by 14

On the map: LLM reasoning → Reasoning for agents, planning and code

Abstract (arXiv)

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited an array of reasoning capabilities but face challenges like error propagation and hallucination, particularly in specialised areas like finance, where data is heterogeneous, and precision is paramount. We explore the potential of language model augmentation with external tools to mitigate these limitations and offload certain reasoning steps to external tools that are more suited for the task, instead of solely depending on the LLM's inherent abilities. More concretely, using financial domain question-answering datasets, we apply supervised fine-tuning on a LLaMA-2 13B Chat model to act both as a 'task router' and 'task solver'. The 'task router' dynamically directs a question to either be answered internally by the LLM or externally via the right tool from the tool set. Our tool-equipped SFT model, Raven, demonstrates an improvement of 35.2% and 5.06% over the base model and SFT-only baselines, respectively, and is highly competitive with strong GPT-3.5 results. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first that investigates tool augmentation of language models for the finance domain.

Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reasoning for agents, planning and code, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 25 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Jan 2024.

Builds on

25 of 34 references.

References · 25

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13 more
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 8; 2026: 2.

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  1. 2023Data-Centric Financial Large Language Models
  2. 2024KodeXv0.1: A Family of State-of-the-Art Financial Large Language Models
  3. 2024FinLLMs: A Framework for Financial Reasoning Dataset Generation with Large Language Models
  4. 2023Beyond Classification: Financial Reasoning in State-of-the-Art Language Models
  5. 2026FinForge: Semi-Synthetic Financial Benchmark Generation
  6. 2024FinBen: A Holistic Financial Benchmark for Large Language Models
  7. 2023DISC-FinLLM: A Chinese Financial Large Language Model based on Multiple Experts Fine-tuning
  8. 2023BizBench: A Quantitative Reasoning Benchmark for Business and Finance