SQL-to-Text Generation with Graph-to-Sequence Model
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Abstract (arXiv)
Previous work approaches the SQL-to-text generation task using vanilla Seq2Seq models, which may not fully capture the inherent graph-structured information in SQL query. In this paper, we first introduce a strategy to represent the SQL query as a directed graph and then employ a graph-to-sequence model to encode the global structure information into node embeddings. This model can effectively learn the correlation between the SQL query pattern and its interpretation. Experimental results on the WikiSQL dataset and Stackoverflow dataset show that our model significantly outperforms the Seq2Seq and Tree2Seq baselines, achieving the state-of-the-art performance.
Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Sep 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2020: 1; 2021: 7; 2022: 1; 2023: 4; 2024: 10; 2025: 6; 2026: 2.
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- 2023Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluationcited by 385
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Code Summarization via Hybrid GNNcited by 89
- 2021Permutation invariant graph-to-sequence model for template-free retrosynthesis and reaction predictioncited by 68
- 2024SQLBench: A Comprehensive Evaluation for Text-to-SQL Capabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 32
- 2021Structural Information Preserving for Graph-to-Text Generationcited by 24
- 2021Logic-Consistency Text Generation from Semantic Parsescited by 23
- 2024Text Generation: A Systematic Literature Review of Tasks, Evaluation, and Challengescited by 18
- 2024Metasql: A Generate-then-Rank Framework for Natural Language to SQL Translationcited by 17
- 2024Equipping Language Models with Tool Use Capability for Tabular Data Analysis in Financecited by 14
- 2021Impact of Evaluation Methodologies on Code Summarizationcited by 11
- 2024SQLucid: Grounding Natural Language Database Queries with Interactive Explanationscited by 10
- 2024Hybrid LLM/Rule-based Approaches to Business Insights Generation from Structured Datacited by 7
19 more
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotationcited by 6
- 2024Open-SQL Framework: Enhancing Text-to-SQL on Open-source Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2023Planning with Logical Graph-based Language Model for Instruction Generationcited by 4
- 2024A Systematic Review of Data-to-Text NLGcited by 4
- 2021Improving Logical-Level Natural Language Generation with Topic-Conditioned Data Augmentation and Logical Form Generationcited by 3
- 2024KU-DMIS at EHRSQL 2024:Generating SQL query via question templatization in EHRcited by 3
- 2025MultiTEND: A Multilingual Benchmark for Natural Language to NoSQL Query Translationcited by 3
- 2025BenchPress: A Human-in-the-Loop Annotation System for Rapid Text-to-SQL Benchmark Curationcited by 3
- 2021How to Train Your Agent to Read and Writecited by 2
- 2025Evaluating NL2SQL via SQL2NLcited by 2
- 2021Turing: an Accurate and Interpretable Multi-Hypothesis Cross-Domain Natural Language Database Interfacecited by 1
- 2023Reranking for Natural Language Generation from Logical Forms: A Study based on Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2025Semantic Captioning: Benchmark Dataset and Graph-Aware Few-Shot In-Context Learning for SQL2Textcited by 1
- 2022IFDID: Information Filter upon Diversity-Improved Decoding for Diversity-Faithfulness Tradeoff in NLGcited by 0
- 2023A Graph-to-Text Approach to Knowledge-Grounded Response Generation in Human-Robot Interactioncited by 0
- 2024EzSQL: An SQL intermediate representation for improving SQL-to-text Generationcited by 0
- 2025Harnessing Temporal Databases for Systematic Evaluation of Factual Time-Sensitive Question-Answering in Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026SPARTA: Scalable and Principled Benchmark of Tree-Structured Multi-hop QA over Text and Tablescited by 0
- 2026Knowledge Distillation for Low-Resource Open-source Text-to-SQL Modelcited by 0
- 2026Knowledge Distillation for Low-Resource Open-source Text-to-SQL Model13 May 2026
- 2026SPARTA: Scalable and Principled Benchmark of Tree-Structured Multi-hop QA over Text and Tables26 Feb 2026
- 2025BenchPress: A Human-in-the-Loop Annotation System for Rapid Text-to-SQL Benchmark Curation11 Oct 2025
- 2025Evaluating NL2SQL via SQL2NL4 Sep 2025
- 2025Harnessing Temporal Databases for Systematic Evaluation of Factual Time-Sensitive Question-Answering in Large Language Models4 Aug 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotation21 Feb 2025
- 2025MultiTEND: A Multilingual Benchmark for Natural Language to NoSQL Query Translation16 Feb 2025
- 2025Semantic Captioning: Benchmark Dataset and Graph-Aware Few-Shot In-Context Learning for SQL2Text6 Jan 2025
- 2024EzSQL: An SQL intermediate representation for improving SQL-to-text Generation28 Nov 2024
- 2024SQLucid: Grounding Natural Language Database Queries with Interactive Explanations10 Sep 2024
- 2024Text Generation: A Systematic Literature Review of Tasks, Evaluation, and Challenges24 May 2024
- 2024KU-DMIS at EHRSQL 2024:Generating SQL query via question templatization in EHR22 May 2024
19 more
- 2024Open-SQL Framework: Enhancing Text-to-SQL on Open-source Large Language Models4 May 2024
- 2024Hybrid LLM/Rule-based Approaches to Business Insights Generation from Structured Data24 Apr 2024
- 2024SQLBench: A Comprehensive Evaluation for Text-to-SQL Capabilities of Large Language Models5 Mar 2024
- 2024Metasql: A Generate-then-Rank Framework for Natural Language to SQL Translation27 Feb 2024
- 2024A Systematic Review of Data-to-Text NLG13 Feb 2024
- 2024Equipping Language Models with Tool Use Capability for Tabular Data Analysis in Finance27 Jan 2024
- 2023A Graph-to-Text Approach to Knowledge-Grounded Response Generation in Human-Robot Interaction3 Nov 2023
- 2023Reranking for Natural Language Generation from Logical Forms: A Study based on Large Language Models21 Sep 2023
- 2023Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation29 Aug 2023
- 2023Planning with Logical Graph-based Language Model for Instruction Generation26 Aug 2023
- 2022IFDID: Information Filter upon Diversity-Improved Decoding for Diversity-Faithfulness Tradeoff in NLG25 Oct 2022
- 2021Improving Logical-Level Natural Language Generation with Topic-Conditioned Data Augmentation and Logical Form Generation12 Dec 2021
- 2021Permutation invariant graph-to-sequence model for template-free retrosynthesis and reaction prediction19 Oct 2021
- 2021Impact of Evaluation Methodologies on Code Summarization22 Aug 2021
- 2021Logic-Consistency Text Generation from Semantic Parses2 Aug 2021
- 2021Turing: an Accurate and Interpretable Multi-Hypothesis Cross-Domain Natural Language Database Interface8 Jun 2021
- 2021Structural Information Preserving for Graph-to-Text Generation12 Feb 2021
- 2021How to Train Your Agent to Read and Write4 Jan 2021
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Code Summarization via Hybrid GNN9 Jun 2020
- 2023Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluationcited by 385
- 2021Permutation invariant graph-to-sequence model for template-free retrosynthesis and reaction predictioncited by 68
- 2024SQLBench: A Comprehensive Evaluation for Text-to-SQL Capabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 32
- 2021Structural Information Preserving for Graph-to-Text Generationcited by 24
- 2021Logic-Consistency Text Generation from Semantic Parsescited by 23
- 2024Text Generation: A Systematic Literature Review of Tasks, Evaluation, and Challengescited by 18
- 2024Metasql: A Generate-then-Rank Framework for Natural Language to SQL Translationcited by 17
- 2021Impact of Evaluation Methodologies on Code Summarizationcited by 11
- 2024SQLucid: Grounding Natural Language Database Queries with Interactive Explanationscited by 10
- 2024Hybrid LLM/Rule-based Approaches to Business Insights Generation from Structured Datacited by 7
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotationcited by 6
- 2024Open-SQL Framework: Enhancing Text-to-SQL on Open-source Large Language Modelscited by 5
12 most cited of 28 All 28 (JSON)
- 2026SPARTA: Scalable and Principled Benchmark of Tree-Structured Multi-hop QA over Text and Tables26 Feb 2026
- 2025BenchPress: A Human-in-the-Loop Annotation System for Rapid Text-to-SQL Benchmark Curation11 Oct 2025
- 2025Evaluating NL2SQL via SQL2NL4 Sep 2025
- 2025Harnessing Temporal Databases for Systematic Evaluation of Factual Time-Sensitive Question-Answering in Large Language Models4 Aug 2025
- 2025Text-to-SQL Domain Adaptation via Human-LLM Collaborative Data Annotation21 Feb 2025
- 2025MultiTEND: A Multilingual Benchmark for Natural Language to NoSQL Query Translation16 Feb 2025
- 2025Semantic Captioning: Benchmark Dataset and Graph-Aware Few-Shot In-Context Learning for SQL2Text6 Jan 2025
- 2024EzSQL: An SQL intermediate representation for improving SQL-to-text Generation28 Nov 2024
- 2024SQLucid: Grounding Natural Language Database Queries with Interactive Explanations10 Sep 2024
- 2024Text Generation: A Systematic Literature Review of Tasks, Evaluation, and Challenges24 May 2024
- 2024KU-DMIS at EHRSQL 2024:Generating SQL query via question templatization in EHR22 May 2024
- 2024Open-SQL Framework: Enhancing Text-to-SQL on Open-source Large Language Models4 May 2024
12 newest of 28 All 28 (JSON)