mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

EmoLLMs: A Series of Emotional Large Language Models and Annotation Tools for Comprehensive Affective Analysis

arXiv 2401.08508 ↗First posted 16 Jan 2024cs.CLcited by 62

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Abstract (arXiv)

Sentiment analysis and emotion detection are important research topics in natural language processing (NLP) and benefit many downstream tasks. With the widespread application of LLMs, researchers have started exploring the application of LLMs based on instruction-tuning in the field of sentiment analysis. However, these models only focus on single aspects of affective classification tasks (e.g. sentimental polarity or categorical emotions), and overlook the regression tasks (e.g. sentiment strength or emotion intensity), which leads to poor performance in downstream tasks. The main reason is the lack of comprehensive affective instruction tuning datasets and evaluation benchmarks, which cover various affective classification and regression tasks. Moreover, although emotional information is useful for downstream tasks, existing downstream datasets lack high-quality and comprehensive affective annotations. In this paper, we propose EmoLLMs, the first series of open-sourced instruction-following LLMs for comprehensive affective analysis based on fine-tuning various LLMs with instruction data, the first multi-task affective analysis instruction dataset (AAID) with 234K data samples based on various classification and regression tasks to support LLM instruction tuning, and a comprehensive affective evaluation benchmark (AEB) with 14 tasks from various sources and domains to test the generalization ability of LLMs. We propose a series of EmoLLMs by fine-tuning LLMs with AAID to solve various affective instruction tasks. We compare our model with a variety of LLMs on AEB, where our models outperform all other open-sourced LLMs, and surpass ChatGPT and GPT-4 in most tasks, which shows that the series of EmoLLMs achieve the ChatGPT-level and GPT-4-level generalization capabilities on affective analysis tasks, and demonstrates our models can be used as affective annotation tools.

Key facts. Cited by 62 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 59 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jan 2024.

Builds on

24 of 59 references.

References · 24

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12 more
  1. 2023PIXIU: A Large Language Model, Instruction Data and Evaluation Benchmark for Financecited by 217
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 13; 2025: 31; 2026: 18.

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  1. 2024EMO-LLaMA: Enhancing Facial Emotion Understanding with Instruction Tuningcited by 27
  2. 2024Affective Computing in the Era of Large Language Models: A Survey from the NLP Perspectivecited by 24
  3. 2025Theory of Mind in Large Language Models: Assessment and Enhancementcited by 24
  4. 2025Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Emotion Recognitioncited by 19
  5. 2024Evaluating the Capabilities of Large Language Models for Multi-label Emotion Understandingcited by 17
  6. 2024RAEmoLLM: Retrieval Augmented LLMs for Cross-Domain Misinformation Detection Using In-Context Learning Based on Emotional Informationcited by 14
  7. 2024Large Vision-Language Models as Emotion Recognizers in Context Awarenesscited by 12
  8. 2024Both Matter: Enhancing the Emotional Intelligence of Large Language Models without Compromising the General Intelligencecited by 11
  9. 2025Affective Image Editing: Shaping Emotional Factors via Text Descriptionscited by 11
  10. 2025Decoding Emotion in the Deep: A Systematic Study of How LLMs Represent, Retain, and Express Emotioncited by 10
  11. 2025Large Language Models for Subjective Language Understanding: A Surveycited by 9
  12. 2025Dialogue Systems for Emotional Support via Value Reinforcementcited by 8
38 more
  1. 2025Distribution-Aligned Decoding for Efficient LLM Task Adaptationcited by 7
  2. 2025Survey and Experiments on Mental Disorder Detection via Social Media: From Large Language Models and RAG to Agentscited by 6
  3. 2025From Rational Answers to Emotional Resonance: The Role of Controllable Emotion Generation in Language Modelscited by 5
  4. 2025StorySage: Conversational Autobiography Writing Powered by a Multi-Agent Frameworkcited by 4
  5. 2024Recognizing Emotion Regulation Strategies from Human Behavior with Large Language Modelscited by 3
  6. 2025Zero-shot Emotion Annotation in Facial Images Using Large Multimodal Models: Benchmarking and Prospects for Multi-Class, Multi-Frame Approachescited by 3
  7. 2025Large Language Models for Depression Recognition in Spoken Language Integrating Psychological Knowledgecited by 3
  8. 2026PsychEthicsBench: Evaluating Large Language Models Against Australian Mental Health Ethicscited by 3
  9. 2024ConspEmoLLM: Conspiracy Theory Detection Using an Emotion-Based Large Language Modelcited by 2
  10. 2024E2MoCase: A Dataset for Emotional, Event and Moral Observations in News Articles on High-impact Legal Casescited by 2
  11. 2024FMDLlama: Financial Misinformation Detection based on Large Language Modelscited by 2
  12. 2025Rumor Detection by Multi-task Suffix Learning based on Time-series Dual Sentimentscited by 2
  13. 2025Toward Real-World Chinese Psychological Support Dialogues: CPsDD Dataset and a Co-Evolving Multi-Agent Systemcited by 2
  14. 2025From Joy to Fear: A Benchmark of Emotion Estimation in Pop Song Lyricscited by 2
  15. 2025Anatomy of a Feeling: Narrating Embodied Emotions via Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 2
  16. 2026CAREBench: Evaluating LLMs' Emotion Understanding by Assessing Cognitive Appraisal Reasoningcited by 2
  17. 2024Can Machines Resonate with Humans? Evaluating the Emotional and Empathic Comprehension of LMscited by 1
  18. 2025GuideLLM: Exploring LLM-Guided Conversation with Applications in Autobiography Interviewingcited by 1
  19. 2025Lotus at SemEval-2025 Task 11: RoBERTa with Llama-3 Generated Explanations for Multi-Label Emotion Classificationcited by 1
  20. 2025ConspEmoLLM-v2: A robust and stable model to detect sentiment-transformed conspiracy theoriescited by 1
  21. 2025CHEER-Ekman: Fine-grained Embodied Emotion Classificationcited by 1
  22. 2026LLM-MC-Affect: LLM-Based Monte Carlo Modeling of Affective Trajectories and Latent Ambiguity for Interpersonal Dynamic Insightcited by 1
  23. 2026Nano-EmoX: Unifying Multimodal Emotional Intelligence from Perception to Empathycited by 1
  24. 2024CAPE: A Chinese Dataset for Appraisal-based Emotional Generation using Large Language Modelscited by 0
  25. 2024Expansion Quantization Network: An Efficient Micro-emotion Annotation and Detection Frameworkcited by 0
  26. 2025An Analytical Emotion Framework of Rumour Threads on Social Mediacited by 0
  27. 2025Disentangled VAD Representations via a Variational Framework for Political Stance Detectioncited by 0
  28. 2025Hybrid Emotion Recognition: Enhancing Customer Interactions Through Acoustic and Textual Analysiscited by 0
  29. 2025ELSA: A Style Aligned Dataset for Emotionally Intelligent Language Generationcited by 0
  30. 2025Contrastive Distillation of Emotion Knowledge from LLMs for Zero-Shot Emotion Recognitioncited by 0
  31. 2025Evaluating Apple Intelligence's Writing Tools for Privacy Against Large Language Model-Based Inference Attacks: Insights from Early Datasetscited by 0
  32. 2025Balancing Knowledge Delivery and Emotional Comfort in Healthcare Conversational Systemscited by 0
  33. 2025CSIRO-LT at SemEval-2025 Task 11: Adapting LLMs for Emotion Recognition for Multiple Languagescited by 0
  34. 2025Podcasts as a Medium for Participation in Collective Action: A Case Study of Black Lives Mattercited by 0
  35. 2025SEER: The Span-based Emotion Evidence Retrieval Benchmarkcited by 0
  36. 2025Comprehensive and Efficient Distillation for Lightweight Sentiment Analysis Modelscited by 0
  37. 2026Beyond the Rabbit Hole: Mapping the Relational Harms of QAnon Radicalizationcited by 0
  38. 2026Large language models for spreading dynamics in complex systemscited by 0

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