mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

GPT4Video: A Unified Multimodal Large Language Model for lnstruction-Followed Understanding and Safety-Aware Generation

arXiv 2311.16511 ↗First posted 25 Nov 2023cs.CVcited by 36

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → Video understanding with MLLMs

Abstract (arXiv)

While the recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) constitute a significant leap forward in the field, these models are predominantly confined to the realm of input-side multimodal comprehension, lacking the capacity for multimodal content generation. To fill this gap, we present GPT4Video, a unified multi-model framework that empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) with the capability of both video understanding and generation. Specifically, we develop an instruction-following-based approach integrated with the stable diffusion generative model, which has demonstrated to effectively and securely handle video generation scenarios. GPT4Video offers the following benefits: 1) It exhibits impressive capabilities in both video understanding and generation scenarios. For example, GPT4Video outperforms Valley by 11.8% on the Video Question Answering task, and surpasses NExt-GPT by 2.3% on the Text to Video generation task. 2) it endows the LLM/MLLM with video generation capabilities without requiring additional training parameters and can flexibly interface with a wide range of models to perform video generation. 3) it maintains a safe and healthy conversation not only in output-side but also the input side in an end-to-end manner. Qualitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that GPT4Video holds the potential to function as a effective, safe and Humanoid-like video assistant that can handle both video understanding and generation scenarios.

Key facts. Cited by 36 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Video understanding with MLLMs, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 38 of its 66 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2023.

Builds on

38 of 66 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Video-LLaMA: An Instruction-tuned Audio-Visual Language Model for Video Understanding5 Jun

Other references · 37

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  3. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  4. 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
  5. 2016Layer Normalizationcited by 5,579
  6. 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,337
  7. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,595
  8. 2023InstructBLIP: Towards General-purpose Vision-Language Models with Instruction Tuningcited by 2,855
  9. 2022Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Datacited by 1,725
  10. 2020RealToxicityPrompts: Evaluating Neural Toxic Degeneration in Language Modelscited by 1,235
  11. 2021Frozen in Time: A Joint Video and Image Encoder for End-to-End Retrievalcited by 1,175
  12. 2023mPLUG-Owl: Modularization Empowers Large Language Models with Multimodalitycited by 1,038
25 more
  1. 2021GLM: General Language Model Pretraining with Autoregressive Blank Infillingcited by 1,026
  2. 2018Dual Attention Network for Scene Segmentationcited by 1,001
  3. 2023ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captionscited by 1,000
  4. 2023LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attentioncited by 776
  5. 2023Large Language Modelscited by 774
  6. 2016Generative Adversarial Text to Image Synthesiscited by 735
  7. 2023Text2Video-Zero: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models are Zero-Shot Video Generatorscited by 666
  8. 2023NExT-GPT: Any-to-Any Multimodal LLMcited by 610
  9. 2023VideoCrafter1: Open Diffusion Models for High-Quality Video Generationcited by 530
  10. 2023VideoFusion: Decomposed Diffusion Models for High-Quality Video Generationcited by 330
  11. 2023Pix2Video: Video Editing using Image Diffusioncited by 318
  12. 2023Generating Images with Multimodal Language Modelscited by 259
  13. 2021GODIVA: Generating Open-DomaIn Videos from nAtural Descriptionscited by 254
  14. 2023Valley: Video Assistant with Large Language model Enhanced abilitYcited by 231
  15. 2023Any-to-Any Generation via Composable Diffusioncited by 203
  16. 2022On Second Thought, Let's Not Think Step by Step! Bias and Toxicity in Zero-Shot Reasoningcited by 191
  17. 2023mPLUG-2: A Modularized Multi-modal Foundation Model Across Text, Image and Videocited by 154
  18. 2017Video Generation From Textcited by 153
  19. 2023Latent-Shift: Latent Diffusion with Temporal Shift for Efficient Text-to-Video Generationcited by 137
  20. 2022MultiInstruct: Improving Multi-Modal Zero-Shot Learning via Instruction Tuningcited by 109
  21. 2020Object Relational Graph with Teacher-Recommended Learning for Video Captioningcited by 106
  22. 2023TaleCrafter: Interactive Story Visualization with Multiple Characterscited by 71
  23. 2016Sync-DRAW: Automatic Video Generation using Deep Recurrent Attentive Architecturescited by 44
  24. 2020Confronting Abusive Language Online: A Survey from the Ethical and Human Rights Perspectivecited by 43
  25. 2023TextBind: Multi-turn Interleaved Multimodal Instruction-following in the Wildcited by 22

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 10; 2025: 18; 2026: 6.

36 papers.

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  1. 2024VideoTree: Adaptive Tree-based Video Representation for LLM Reasoning on Long Videoscited by 242
  2. 2023Video Understanding with Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 203
  3. 2024MotionLLM: Understanding Human Behaviors from Human Motions and Videoscited by 89
  4. 2025Video-Bench: Human-Aligned Video Generation Benchmarkcited by 53
  5. 2024(Perhaps) Beyond Human Translation: Harnessing Multi-Agent Collaboration for Translating Ultra-Long Literary Textscited by 49
  6. 2024Vitron: A Unified Pixel-level Vision LLM for Understanding, Generating, Segmenting, Editingcited by 49
  7. 2025Logic-in-Frames: Dynamic Keyframe Search via Visual Semantic-Logical Verification for Long Video Understandingcited by 30
  8. 2024Implicit Multimodal Alignment: On the Generalization of Frozen LLMs to Multimodal Inputscited by 22
  9. 2025Proactive Assistant Dialogue Generation from Streaming Egocentric Videoscited by 22
  10. 2025NarrLV: Towards a Comprehensive Narrative-Centric Evaluation for Long Video Generationcited by 21
  11. 2024Beyond Probabilities: Unveiling the Misalignment in Evaluating Large Language Modelscited by 19
  12. 2023Retrieval-augmented Multi-modal Chain-of-Thoughts Reasoning for Large Language Modelscited by 18
24 more
  1. 2024Rec-GPT4V: Multimodal Recommendation with Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 18
  2. 2024Do Language Models Understand Time?cited by 14
  3. 2026Lance: Unified Multimodal Modeling by Multi-Task Synergycited by 11
  4. 2025Unifying Specialized Visual Encoders for Video Language Modelscited by 10
  5. 2025SafeVid: Toward Safety Aligned Video Large Multimodal Modelscited by 9
  6. 2025VideoA11y: Method and Dataset for Accessible Video Descriptioncited by 8
  7. 2024Skipping Computations in Multimodal LLMscited by 7
  8. 2025Enhancing Temporal Understanding in Video-LLMs through Stacked Temporal Attention in Vision Encoderscited by 6
  9. 2026Evolution of Video Generative Foundationscited by 6
  10. 2025Failures to Surface Harmful Contents in Video Large Language Modelscited by 4
  11. 2025Video2Roleplay: A Multimodal Dataset and Framework for Video-Guided Role-playing Agentscited by 3
  12. 2025Language-Guided Graph Representation Learning for Video Summarizationcited by 3
  13. 2025LLMPopcorn: Exploring LLMs as Assistants for Popular Micro-video Generationcited by 2
  14. 2025Unbiasing through Textual Descriptions: Mitigating Representation Bias in Video Benchmarkscited by 2
  15. 2025DUAL-VAD: Dual Benchmarks and Anomaly-Focused Sampling for Video Anomaly Detectioncited by 2
  16. 2026TiFRe: Text-guided Video Frame Reduction for Efficient Video Multi-modal Large Language Modelscited by 2
  17. 2025Omni-SILA: Towards Omni-scene Driven Visual Sentiment Identifying, Locating and Attributing in Videoscited by 1
  18. 2025Temporal-Oriented Recipe for Transferring Large Vision-Language Model to Video Understandingcited by 1
  19. 2025Fast3D: Accelerating 3D Multi-modal Large Language Models for Efficient 3D Scene Understandingcited by 1
  20. 2025VideoAVE: A Multi-Attribute Video-to-Text Attribute Value Extraction Dataset and Benchmark Modelscited by 1
  21. 2026SuperVoxelGPT: Adaptive and Ordered 3D Tokenization for Autoregressive Shape Generationcited by 1
  22. 2024In-Context Translation: Towards Unifying Image Recognition, Processing, and Generationcited by 0
  23. 2026Efficient3D: A Unified Framework for Adaptive and Debiased Token Reduction in 3D MLLMscited by 0
  24. 2026Inverting the Streaming-Diffusion Bottleneck: Video-Rate MLLM-Conditioned Edit Diffusion on a Consumer GPUcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024MiniGPT4-Video: Advancing Multimodal LLMs for Video Understanding with Interleaved Visual-Textual Tokens
  2. 2025JavisGPT: A Unified Multi-modal LLM for Sounding-Video Comprehension and Generation
  3. 2023SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehension
  4. 2024LongVideoBench: A Benchmark for Long-context Interleaved Video-Language Understanding
  5. 2025TV2TV: A Unified Framework for Interleaved Language and Video Generation
  6. 2025Team of One: Cracking Complex Video QA with Model Synergy
  7. 2026Uni-ViGU: Towards Unified Video Generation and Understanding via A Diffusion-Based Video Generator
  8. 2024HourVideo: 1-Hour Video-Language Understanding