Benchmarking Sequential Visual Input Reasoning and Prediction in Multimodal Large Language Models
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in perception and interpretation tasks, but their capabilities in predictive reasoning remain under-explored. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark that assesses the predictive reasoning capabilities of MLLMs across diverse scenarios. Our benchmark targets three important domains: abstract pattern reasoning, human activity prediction, and physical interaction prediction. We further develop three evaluation methods powered by large language model to robustly quantify a model's performance in predicting and reasoning the future based on multi-visual context. Empirical experiments confirm the soundness of the proposed benchmark and evaluation methods via rigorous testing and reveal pros and cons of current popular MLLMs in the task of predictive reasoning. Lastly, our proposed benchmark provides a standardized evaluation framework for MLLMs and can facilitate the development of more advanced models that can reason and predict over complex long sequence of multimodal input.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 35 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Oct 2023.
Builds on
35 of 35 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
Other references · 34
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,419
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,396
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
- 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,137
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
- 2021Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generationcited by 3,915
- 2023RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Controlcited by 3,080
- 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,506
- 2022Do As I Can, Not As I Say: Grounding Language in Robotic Affordancescited by 2,348
- 2023PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Modelcited by 2,071
- 2023MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 1,652
22 more
- 2023Video-ChatGPT: Towards Detailed Video Understanding via Large Vision and Language Modelscited by 1,062
- 2023mPLUG-Owl: Modularization Empowers Large Language Models with Multimodalitycited by 1,040
- 2023SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehensioncited by 940
- 2023VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understandingcited by 857
- 2017Dense-Captioning Events in Videoscited by 793
- 2023Instruction Tuning with GPT-4cited by 686
- 2023OpenFlamingo: An Open-Source Framework for Training Large Autoregressive Vision-Language Modelscited by 565
- 2023Otter: A Multi-Modal Model with In-Context Instruction Tuningcited by 550
- 2016Hollywood in Homes: Crowdsourcing Data Collection for Activity Understandingcited by 537
- 2019CLEVRER: CoLlision Events for Video REpresentation and Reasoningcited by 484
- 2019A Survey of Autonomous Driving: Common Practices and Emerging Technologiescited by 379
- 2021IconQA: A New Benchmark for Abstract Diagram Understanding and Visual Language Reasoningcited by 267
- 2023MIMIC-IT: Multi-Modal In-Context Instruction Tuningcited by 267
- 2016Unsupervised Learning for Physical Interaction through Video Predictioncited by 260
- 2023RoboAgent: Generalization and Efficiency in Robot Manipulation via Semantic Augmentations and Action Chunkingcited by 169
- 2016Show and Tell: Lessons learned from the 2015 MSCOCO Image Captioning Challengecited by 116
- 2019Peeking into the Future: Predicting Future Person Activities and Locations in Videoscited by 114
- 2022VL-CheckList: Evaluating Pre-trained Vision-Language Models with Objects, Attributes and Relationscited by 114
- 2021SUTD-TrafficQA: A Question Answering Benchmark and an Efficient Network for Video Reasoning over Traffic Eventscited by 84
- 2023What Matters in Training a GPT4-Style Language Model with Multimodal Inputs?cited by 64
- 2023Plan, Eliminate, and Track -- Language Models are Good Teachers for Embodied Agentscited by 32
- 2023X-IQE: eXplainable Image Quality Evaluation for Text-to-Image Generation with Visual Large Language Modelscited by 28
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
5 papers.
- 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Modelscited by 126
- 2025Seeing is Not Reasoning: MVPBench for Graph-based Evaluation of Multi-path Visual Physical CoTcited by 6
- 2025Aligning Perception, Reasoning, Modeling and Interaction: A Survey on Physical AIcited by 3
- 2026Causal Scaffolding for Physical Reasoning: A Benchmark for Causally-Informed Physical World Understanding in VLMscited by 3
- 2026MultivationBench: A Benchmark for Multimodal Sequential Motivation Reasoningcited by 1
- 2026MultivationBench: A Benchmark for Multimodal Sequential Motivation Reasoning29 Jul 2026
- 2026Causal Scaffolding for Physical Reasoning: A Benchmark for Causally-Informed Physical World Understanding in VLMs4 Jun 2026
- 2025Aligning Perception, Reasoning, Modeling and Interaction: A Survey on Physical AI6 Oct 2025
- 2025A Survey of Context Engineering for Large Language Models17 Jul 2025
- 2025Seeing is Not Reasoning: MVPBench for Graph-based Evaluation of Multi-path Visual Physical CoT30 May 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models
- 2026ViSTR-Bench: Can MLLMs Reason from Continuous Visual Cues in Dynamic Scenes?
- 2025VisuLogic: A Benchmark for Evaluating Visual Reasoning in Multi-modal Large Language Models
- 2025Evaluating MLLMs with Multimodal Multi-image Reasoning Benchmark
- 2025LENS: Multi-level Evaluation of Multimodal Reasoning with Large Language Models
- 2024Mementos: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Model Reasoning over Image Sequences
- 2025Beyond Perception: Evaluating Abstract Visual Reasoning through Multi-Stage Task
- 2025Benchmarking Large and Small MLLMs