SMOOT: Saliency Guided Mask Optimized Online Training
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Abstract (arXiv)
Deep Neural Networks are powerful tools for understanding complex patterns and making decisions. However, their black-box nature impedes a complete understanding of their inner workings. Saliency-Guided Training (SGT) methods try to highlight the prominent features in the model's training based on the output to alleviate this problem. These methods use back-propagation and modified gradients to guide the model toward the most relevant features while keeping the impact on the prediction accuracy negligible. SGT makes the model's final result more interpretable by masking input partially. In this way, considering the model's output, we can infer how each segment of the input affects the output. In the particular case of image as the input, masking is applied to the input pixels. However, the masking strategy and number of pixels which we mask, are considered as a hyperparameter. Appropriate setting of masking strategy can directly affect the model's training. In this paper, we focus on this issue and present our contribution. We propose a novel method to determine the optimal number of masked images based on input, accuracy, and model loss during the training. The strategy prevents information loss which leads to better accuracy values. Also, by integrating the model's performance in the strategy formula, we show that our model represents the salient features more meaningful. Our experimental results demonstrate a substantial improvement in both model accuracy and the prominence of saliency, thereby affirming the effectiveness of our proposed solution.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 35 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Oct 2023.
Builds on
35 of 51 references.
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23 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
8 papers.
- 2024Novel Saliency Analysis for the Forward Forward Algorithmcited by 4
- 2024Quantized and Interpretable Learning Scheme for Deep Neural Networks in Classification Taskcited by 4
- 2024Applying Machine Learning Tools for Urban Resilience Against Floodscited by 2
- 2025NetworkFF: Unified Layer Optimization in Forward-Only Neural Networkscited by 1
- 2025From Attribution to Action: Jointly ALIGNing Predictions and Explanationscited by 0
- 2026SaliencyDecor: Enhancing Neural Network Interpretability through Feature Decorrelationcited by 0
- 2026AttnGen: Attention-Guided Saliency Learning for Interpretable Genomic Sequence Classificationcited by 0
- 2026Adaptive Multi-Scale Goodness Aggregation for Forward-Forward Learningcited by 0
- 2026AttnGen: Attention-Guided Saliency Learning for Interpretable Genomic Sequence Classification13 May 2026
- 2026Adaptive Multi-Scale Goodness Aggregation for Forward-Forward Learning11 May 2026
- 2026SaliencyDecor: Enhancing Neural Network Interpretability through Feature Decorrelation28 Apr 2026
- 2025NetworkFF: Unified Layer Optimization in Forward-Only Neural Networks19 Dec 2025
- 2025From Attribution to Action: Jointly ALIGNing Predictions and Explanations10 Nov 2025
- 2024Applying Machine Learning Tools for Urban Resilience Against Floods9 Dec 2024
- 2024Quantized and Interpretable Learning Scheme for Deep Neural Networks in Classification Task5 Dec 2024
- 2024Novel Saliency Analysis for the Forward Forward Algorithm18 Sep 2024